Bio midterm Flashcards
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. As the barnacle is a filter feeder, it also gets access to more water (and more food) due to the relationship.
Commensalism
A cuckoo lays its eggs in the nest of the warbler. The cuckoo’s eggs hatch first and the young kick the warbler eggs out of the nest. The warbler raises the cuckoo babies and the warbler babies aren’t hatched
pararsitism
Remoras attach themselves to a shark’s body. They travel with the shark and feed on the leftover food scraps after the shark has finished its meal. The shark was done eating anyway.
Commensalism
Ostriches and gazelles feed next to each other. They both watch for predators. Because the visual abilities of the two species are different, they can each identify threats that the other animal may not see as readily.
Mutualism
Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from the spruce tree to the detriment (ill effect) to the spruce.
Parasitism
Silverfish live and hunt with army ants and share the prey. They neither help nor harm the ants.
Commensalism
Wrasse fish feed on the parasites found on the black sea bass’s body (usually in the mouth). Dental floss for fish.
Mutualism
Consumes only meat for energy.
Carnivore
Produces its own food.
Autotroph
Relies on other organisms for energy
Heterotroph
Organisms that receive their energy by eating plants only.
Herbivore
An organism that prefers to gain energy from the consumption of plants or meat.
Omnivore
Feeds on dead or decaying matter.
Detrivore
If only a portion of the energy available at one trophic level makes it to the next level, what happens to the remainder of that energy?
It is lost as heat
In an ecosystem, energy flows in ____ and matter flows in _____.
one direction
cycles
Photosynthesis by plants and respiration by other organisms is a major part of which cycle of matter?
carbon cycle
Choose ALL of the following ways that nitrogen fixation occurs (nitrogen changing from non-usable to usable form) in the nitrogen cycle.
lightning
Nitrifying bacteria in the soil.
A severe frost wipes out 50% of the citrus crop in southern Florida.
density-independent factor
Due to severe overcrowding in an Asian village, many children do not survive to reach adulthood.
density-dependent factor
Because rabbits in Australia have no natural enemies, their population increases exponentially.
density-dependent factor
The eruption of a Hawaiian volcano destroys most of the wildlife in the immediate vicinity of the volcano.
density-independent factor
True or False: Earth’s population continues to increase
True
Results in top consumers having a buildup of toxins
Biological magnification
possible solution is the formation of “nature” bridges
Habitat Fragmentation
