Bio Molecules

Question 1

Name the covalent bond between two adjacent amino acids in a chain of amino acids

Answer 1

Peptide bind

Question 2

What reaction involves breaking bonds

Answer 2

Hydrolysis

Water is needed

Question 3

Describe the properties of triglyceride

Answer 3

Contains only elements of carbon,hydrogen and oxygen 
Insoluble in water 
Contains glycerol 
Contains Ester binds 
Contains fatty acids
Energy store molecules

Question 4

What are the properties of phospholipid

Answer 4

Insoluble in water 
Contains glycerol 
Contains Ester bonds 
Important in membrane structure 
Fatty acids 
Contain a phosphate group

Question 5

Describe cholesterol

Answer 5

Helps regulate cell fluidity
Contains carbon, hydrogen and o2
Insoluble in water
Important in membrane structure

Question 6

How do you test for lipids

Answer 6

Emulsion test
Add ethanol and if cloudy
Lipid present

Question 7

What are the properties found in primary protein

Answer 7

Peptide bond

Sequence of amino acid

Question 8

What properties are for secondary protein

Answer 8

Hydrogen bond forms

Initial folding

Question 9

Where do you find 3D and ionic bonds

Answer 9

Tertiary structure

Question 10

Give a characteristics of quaternary structure

Answer 10

Alpha or beta subunits

Several different polypeptide chains - way they assemble together

Question 11

Give three examples wheee hydrogen bonds are found in biological molecules

Answer 11

Protein secondary structure
Tertiary structure
Cellulose

Question 12

State two roles of cholesterol in living organisms

Answer 12

Regulates fluidity of the phospholipid bilayer
Making vitamin D
Making bile

Question 13

Give one feature of the structure of carbohydrate

Answer 13

Contains C H and O

6 membered ring

Question 14

What is the function of High density lipoprotein

Answer 14

Carries cholesterol from the tissue to the liver
Reduces blood cholesterol
Reduces deposition of fat

Question 15

What is the involvement of low density lipoprotein

Answer 15

Carries cholesterol from liver to tissue
Raises blood cholesterol
Increase deposition

Question 16

Explain why glycogen makes a good storage molecule

Answer 16

Compact
Insoluble
Lots of branches for enzymes to attach

Question 17

What is one function of alpha glucose

Answer 17

Used for respiration

Question 18

What is the general structure of amino acids

Answer 18

Carboxyl group (-COOH)
Amino acid group (-NH2)
All attached to a carbon atom

Question 19

What molecule is released as a byproduct when the amino terminal of one amino acid reacts with the carboxyl terminal or another amino acid?

Answer 19

Water

Question 20

Describe how R groups can interact determine the tertiary structure of a protein

Answer 20

• some R grounds attract or repel
• disulfide, bridges
• hydrogen bonds
• hydrophilic R groups on outside molecule can be in contact with molecules

Question 21

What are the three structure differences between glycogen and collagen

Answer 21

Polysaccharide / polypeptide
Alpha glucose/ amino acid
Branched/linear

Question 22

Describe how a second amino acid would bind with to another amino acid

Answer 22

Peptide bond
Between the amine group and carboxyl group
Condensation reaction

Question 23

What properties does collagen have which makes ur suitable in ligaments

Answer 23

Strong
Flexible
Not elastic

Question 24

Explain how hydrogen bonds form

Answer 24

Attraction of another water molecule of delta negative oxygen and delta positive hydrogen

Question 25

Explain why water is a polar molecule

Answer 25

Regions of negativity and regions of positivity

Question 26

Suggest properties of water make it such an important component of blood

Answer 26

Polar molecule - solvent

Transport medium because of cohesion

Question 27

Describe how R groups can interact determine the tertiary structure of a protein

Answer 27

• some R grounds attract or repel
• disulfide, bridges
• hydrogen bonds
• hydrophilic R groups on outside molecule can be in contact with molecules

Question 28

What are the three structure differences between glycogen and collagen

Answer 28

Polysaccharide / polypeptide
Alpha glucose/ amino acid
Branched/linear

Question 29

Describe how a second amino acid would bind with to another amino acid

Answer 29

Peptide bond
Between the amine group and carboxyl group
Condensation reaction

Question 30

What properties does collagen have which makes ur suitable in ligaments

Answer 30

Strong
Flexible
Not elastic

Question 31

What are the chemical elements that make up biological molecules

Answer 31

Carbohydrates -Carbon,Hydrogen and Oxygen
Lipids -carbon,hydrogen and oxygen
Proteins -carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen ,sulphur
Nucleic acid -carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen and phosphate

Question 32

What are inorganic ions

Answer 32

Have electric charge
Positive charge -cation
Negative charge -anion

Question 33

Give example of a cation

Answer 33

Ca 2+- transmission of nerve impulses
Na + - generating never impulses
H+- affects pH of substances

Question 34

Give examples of anions

Answer 34

CL -involved in chloride shift
NO3- absorbed from soil by plants
Phosphate PO3-4 - involved in photosynthesis and respiration reaction

Question 35

What are the properties and function of fibrous proteins

Answer 35

Insoluble strong and un reactive
Collagen -connective tissue
Keratin -external structures such as skin
Elastin -elastic connective tissues

Question 36

What are the biochemical test for sugars

Answer 36

Iodine -starch, browny orange to blue black positive
Biuret -proteins -purple
Emulsion -lipids