Bio quiz #2 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Receptor Protein
Proteins found in cell membrane, perfect shape to grab certain molecules, when attached there brought into the cell
What mimics the molecules grabbed by Receptor proteins
Drug companies mimic shape so that there medicine has easier access into cell therefore making it more effective, Viruses like HIV also mimic it to get access into cell
Liposomes
Used by drug companies for delivery, phosophlaic bilayer
is a high or low SA/V better? why
High, A larger cell has a larger surface area but also a larger volume meaning it needs more nutrients to survive
Unicellular
single cell, shorter life, lower SA/V ratio
Multicellular
Lots of cells (specialized to perform special functions), Higher SA:V ratio , Longer life, Whole thing doesn’t die if one cell dies!
Levels or organization
Organelles, cells, tissue, organ, organ system
shoot system
-Includes stems, leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits,
-Does photosynthesis
-Also includes tubers (potatoes, yams, etc)
root system
-Everything underground
-includes aerial roots
-Absorbs water and minerals from the soil
Meristem
Meristems are where cell division occurs
Cuticle
A waxy covering to protect the plant from water loss and insect attack
Upper & Lower Epidermis (Dermal Tissue)
one cell thick, considered the “skin”,
Stomata
Holes in epidermis, allows for gs to movie in and out of plant
Guard cells
Control whether stomata are open or closed
ground tissue
layer in between lower and upper epidermis, makes up most of the body of the leaf, Two types(Mesophil tissue and palisade)
Palisade tissue
directly below upper epidermis, Near the top of the leaf → where the sun hits → area responsible for photosynthesis, Lots of cells packed together to maximize the amount of photosynthesis they can do
Spongy Mesophyll Tissue
between palisade tissue and lower epidermis, Near the bottom of the leaf → where the stomata are → area responsible for gas exchange, Loosely pact with space in between (like a sponge) → room for gases
Vascular tissue
veins on underside of leaf, transports materials, two types: Phloem, Xylem
Phloem
moves sugar from the leaves to the rest of the plant
Xylem
moves water from the roots up to the rest of the plant
cellular respiration formula
C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g) → 6H2O(l) + 6CO2(g)
Cellular respiration
convert glucose into energy (plus other waste products that we breathe out). It happens in the mitochondria.
photosynthesis formula
water+carbon dioxide+energy(from sun)=glucose+oxygen
How does the stoma open
Through osmosis Guard cells become turgid opening a hole
