bio test 3 - lecture 1 Flashcards
(24 cards)
The extracellular matrix of animal cells have an elaborate mixture of proteins and glycoproteins within the space surrounding the plasma membrane. Which statement does not describe a function of the extracellular matrix?
Extracellular matrix = ECM
Surrounded by glycoproteins
Many different functions
Outside plasma membrane
- The extracellular matrix of animal cells have an elaborate mixture of proteins and glycoproteins within the space surrounding the plasma membrane. Which statement accurately describes one of these components of the extracellular matrix: (a) collagen, (b) elastin, (c) proteoglycans, (d) fibronectin, or (e) integrin?
Collagen
support , stretch and resilience to the cell
Gene expression→ send messages for responses
Controls WHAT messages go in and out
Waiting for responses
Metabolic Response
Elastin
Long strands of glycoproteins
support/strength
Similar to collagen
Proteoglycans
Protective layer over cell surface
Fibronectin
Attaches extracellular material to plasma membrane
Integrin
Extend into cytoplasm where they are attached to the cytoskeleton
Always impeded in protein
Allow attachment of cytoskeleton and fibronectin
For ECM to stay in place
- ____________ have a 3-D shape that fits the shape of a specific signal molecule. Fill in the blank.
- ______Receptor Proteins___________ have a 3-D shape that fits the shape of a specific signal molecule. Fill in the blank.
_______________ are lipids with carbohydrate heads, can mostly be used as cell-surface markers, and are on the surface of red blood cells making them responsible for the A, B, and O blood types. Fill in the blank.
_______Glycolipids__________ are lipids with carbohydrate heads, can mostly be used as cell-surface markers, and are on the surface of red blood cells making them responsible for the A, B, and O blood types. Fill in the blank.
____________ are a type of receptor proteins which can recognize “self” and “nonself” cells by the immune system. Fill in the blank.
_________MHC proteins________ are a type of receptor proteins which can recognize “self” and “nonself” cells by the immune system. Fill in the blank.
What is the definition of a cell junction?
Certain types of connections that hold cells together and send messages through
Stapled shut
Connections between cells
Long-lasting permanent connections between cells
________________ are a type of cell junction which is found in invertebrates and vertebrates and form a barrier that can seal off a sheet of cells. Fill in the blank.
_______Seperate Junctions____________ are a type of cell junction which is found in invertebrates and vertebrates and form a barrier that can seal off a sheet of cells. Fill in the blank.
Which statement does not accurately describe any information we discussed in class regarding tight junctions?
(only vertebrates)
Connect the plasma membrane of adjacent cells in a sheet, preventing small molecules from leaking between cells
Which statement accurately describes any information we discussed in class regarding anchoring junctions?
Attach cytoskeleton of 1 cell to the cytoskeleton of another cell or to the ECM
Don’t come apart
_____________ are a type of anchoring junction that connect actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extracellular matrix. Fill in the blank.
_____Cadherin Junctions__________ are a type of anchoring junction that connect actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extracellular matrix. Fill in the blank.
________ are a type of anchoring junction that connect intermediate filaments of cytoskeletons of adjacent cells. Fill in the blank.
_______Desmosomes ________ are a type of anchoring junction that connect intermediate filaments of cytoskeletons of adjacent cells. Fill in the blank.
_____ _________ are a type of anchoring junction that anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane. Fill in the blank.
______Hemidesomes _________ are a type of anchoring junction that anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane. Fill in the blank.
What is the definition of a communicating junction? (the name basically tells you the answer)
When cells communicate with adjacent cells throughout direct connections
A physical whole
Gap junctions are a type of communicating junction. Which statement does not describe any information we discussed on gap junctions?
Specific just to animals
Connexons
Area that movement goes through
Made up of 6 transmembrane protein in a ring
Very specific proteins
Plasmodesmata are a type of communicating junction. Which statement does not describe any information we discussed on plasmodesmata?
(plant)
Allow ER and plasma membrane
Breaking point of ER and Plasma Membrane
Central tubule that connects endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane
Beta glucose
Which statement does not describe the three main components of a phospholipid?
3-Carbon alcohol
Phosphate group
3 fatty acid chains
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, what does it mean that a cell is semi-permeable?
Let’s some materials through but not others
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, the fluid mosaic model is a way to describe a cell membrane. The word “fluid” implies movement, and this is true for the cell membrane. How?
As the components, are floating around
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, a phospholipid is amphiphilic. What does this mean?
A phospholipid is amphiphilic because it has a polar head and nonpolar tails. This affects the formation of the phospholipid bilayer
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, why is cholesterol in your cell membrane critical?
If temperatures drop, then the cholesterol can function like spacers between your phospholipid or vise versa when it’s really hot.
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, proteins can also be found within a cell membrane. What are the names of the two types they mention in the video?
Peripheral proteins-
Integral proteins
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, what are integral proteins used within the cell membrane?
Integral proteins- goes through the membrane, transports all kinds of materials
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, what are peripheral protein used for regarding the cell membrane?
Peripheral proteins- not stuck on the membrane, acts as enzymes to speed up reaction, help cell shape
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, what can glycoproteins and glycolipids be used within (or on the outside) or a cell membrane?
Essential for activating immune system cells
Identify the cell; self and nonself recognition
Involved with cell signaling
