BIO TEST #4

Question 1

what is internal respiration?

Answer 1

Process of tissue respiration, its used in the blood and body cells and the gas exchange site is the capillaries and cells

Question 2

what is external respiration

Answer 2

breathing and exchange of gases, it exchanges gas in the atmosphere and the blood. the gas exchange site are the lungs

Question 3

what is the difference between external and internal respiration

Answer 3

internal is what’s going on inside and external is what’s going on outside

Question 4

cellular respiration

Answer 4

process of producing energy, occurs in mitochondria

Question 5

cellular respiration formula

Answer 5

C6H12C6+O2=6H2O+CO2+ATP

Question 6

three functions of nasal cavity

Answer 6

filters, warms up, and moistens the air

Question 7

Alveoli

Answer 7

-branches off of the bronchioles
- sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place

Question 8

Inhalation

Answer 8

-ribs move up and out
-the diaphragm moves down
-the intercostal muscles contract
-air flows into the lungs

Question 9

Exhalation

Answer 9

• ribs move down and in
  -diaphragm moves up
  -intercostal muscles relax
  -gases exit the lungs

Question 10

vital capacity

Answer 10

maximum amount of air that you can inhale and exhale

Question 11

why is breathing through your nose better than breathing through your mouth?

Answer 11

because you nose filters what goes in your body and your mouth does not

Question 12

what happens when you breath in

Answer 12

• diaphragm moves down
  -intercostal muscles contract

Question 13

what happens when you breath out

Answer 13

• diaphragm moves up
  -intercostal muscles relax

Question 14

where is sound produced

Answer 14

In your vocal cords located in the larynx

Question 15

inspiration

Answer 15

-causes an increase in volume
-low pressure inside the chest

Question 16

Expiration

Answer 16

-decrease in volume
-high pressure inside the chest

Question 17

tidal volume

Answer 17

the amount of air that you normally inhale and exhale

Question 18

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 18

the maximum volume of air that can inhaled after exhaling normally

Question 19

exploratory reserve volume

Answer 19

the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after inhaling normally

Question 20

residual volume

Answer 20

the air that remains in your lungs after you exhale the maximum amount of air in your lungs

Question 21

lung capacity

Answer 21

the total volume of air you lungs can hold
= vital capacity + residual volume

Question 22

chemoreceptors

Answer 22

-transducers a chemical signal into a potential action
-located on the surface of medulla oblongata

Question 23

medulla oblongata

Answer 23

-a structure found in the brain to maintain homeostasis
- send signals to rub muscles and diaphragm to contract

Question 24

4 factors that affect lung capacity

Answer 24

-age
-gender
-activity level
-height

Question 25

asthma

Answer 25

- A lung disease - caused by genetics, obesity, exposer to chemicals -symptoms are coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath -risks are prematurity and low birth weight

Question 26

pneumonia

Answer 26

-infection -caused by bacteria, weak immune system, fungi -symptoms are nausea, fever, and chest pain -risks are lung abscess and bacteria in bloodstream

Question 27

breathing

Answer 27

inhaling and exhaling

Question 28

respiration

Answer 28

taking in 02 and giving CO2 through cell membranes

Question 29

nose

Answer 29

passage way for air

Question 30

nasal cavity

Answer 30

behind the nose and filters, warms up, and moistens the air

Question 31

pharynx

Answer 31

receives air from nasal cavities and move air into lungs

Question 32

epiglottis

Answer 32

A flap of cartilage that lies at the top of the larynx

Question 33

larynx

Answer 33

‘voice box’ where vocal cords are located

Question 34

trachea

Answer 34

connects larynx to the bronchi, also fights against foreign particles and microorganisms with cilla and mucas

Question 35

bronchi

Answer 35

two main bronchi which lead to lungs and branches off to bronchioles

Question 36

bronchioles

Answer 36

branches that stem from bronchi

Question 37

alveoli

Answer 37

where gas exchange occurs, microscopic capillaries that bring carbon dioxide from heart and deliver oxygen back to the heart

Question 38

lungs

Answer 38

left lung has two lobes and right lung has 3 lobes

Question 39

diaphragm

Answer 39

muscle located underneath the lungs contracts and relaxes

Question 40

intercostal muscles

Answer 40

moves ribs during respiration

Question 41

pleural membrane

Answer 41

covers the lungs and line the chest cavity

Question 42

upper respiratory

Answer 42

nose, nasal cavity, mouth, pharynx, larynx, and epiglottis

Question 43

lower respiratory

Answer 43

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, alveoli, intercostal muscles, diaphragm, and ribs

Question 44

mouth

Answer 44

another place for air to be taken in

Question 45

vocal cords

Answer 45

two flaps of skin controlled by muscles that vibrate

Question 46

thoracic cavity

Answer 46

the space between the outside of the lungs and inside the chest wall

Question 47

glottis

Answer 47

made up of vocal cords and the opening between them

Question 48

functions of respiratory system

Answer 48

- exchange gases -produce ATP - regulate blood pH levels -production of sounds

Question 49

carbon monoxide

Answer 49

-a colourless, odourless and tasteless gas -highly toxic