BIOC192 Lecture 26 - A Snapshot of Vitamins from a Nutritional Perspective Flashcards Preview

BIOC192 Lectures 3-38 > BIOC192 Lecture 26 - A Snapshot of Vitamins from a Nutritional Perspective > Flashcards

Flashcards in BIOC192 Lecture 26 - A Snapshot of Vitamins from a Nutritional Perspective Deck (19)
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1
Q

do vitamins provide energy when they break down?

A

no they provide no energy

2
Q

what type of molecules are vitamins?

A

organic molecules

3
Q

what are the fat soluble vitamins?

A
  • vitamin A
  • vitamin D
  • vitamin E
  • vitamin K
4
Q

what are the water-soluble vitamins?

A
  • vitamin C

- B vitamins

5
Q

what are the roles of vitamins and minerals?

A
  • coenzymes

- cofactors

6
Q

what are co-enzymes?

A

carrier molecules

7
Q

what are co-factors?

A

assist with catalysis

8
Q

what is the important role of B vitamins?

A

plays an important role in co-enzymes involved with energy metabolism

9
Q

what molecule can be converted into niacin?

A

tryptophan

10
Q

what are the sources of niacin or vitamin B3 in the diet?

A
  • meats
  • liver
  • milk
  • fish
  • legumes
  • wheat
11
Q

what does NAD stand for?

A

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

12
Q

what is NAD involved in?

A

involved in the synthesis and breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids

13
Q

what is pellagra?

A

cellular deficiency of niacin (vitamin B3) from either inadequate intake of niacin or tryptophan, malabsorption, or the depletion of coenzymes to convert tryptophan to niacin

14
Q

pellagra is often defined by the four D’s, what are they?

A

Dermatitis
Diarrhea
Dementia
Death

15
Q

what are minerals?

A

essential non-organic elements

16
Q

do minerals provide energy?

A

no they do not provide energy

17
Q

what are the roles of minerals?

A
  • nerve impulse
  • muscle contraction
  • fluid and electrolyte balance
18
Q

what is magnesium?

A

co-factor involved in 300 enzymes in a myriad of cellular processes

19
Q

what are the roles of magnesium?

A
  • chelates to ATP (kinases)
  • acts as a crier for enzymes requiring water
  • lipid and CHO metabolism
  • stabilises proteins, nucleic acids, membranes
  • bone metabolism and remodelling
  • nerve impulse
  • muscle contraction