BioChem Flashcards
(153 cards)
Oxidoreductases
Transfer elecltrons from a donor to an acceptor
Transferases
Transfer a functional group
Isomerases
Rearrange / isomerase a molecule
Lyases (syntheses)
Add or remove atoms to or from a double bond
Ligases “synthetases”
Form (C-O C-S C-N C-C) bonds with the hydrolysis of atp
Hydrolases
Cleave bonds via the addition of water
Enzyme that uses Cu as a cofactor
Cytochrome c oxidase
Enzyme that uses Fe as cofactor
Heme proteins (hemoglobin and myoglobin) need Fe to bind O2
Enzyme that requires Mg as a cofactor
ATPases
Enzyme that requires Se as a cofactor
Glutathione peroxidase- detoxifies hydrogen peroxide
Enzyme that requires Zn as a cofactor
Superoxide dismutase - binds the free radical of molecular oxygen
2 types of coenzymes
Co substrate - temporary association such as NAD+
Prosthetic - permanent association Heme
Ideal temp for enzyme activity
37 degrees C
Ideal pH for enzyme activity
4-8 with the exception of pepsin
Gastric proton pumps are on what type of cell
Parietal cells
What variable stands for enzyme - substrate affinity?
Km
/What shape is a Michaelis menten plot?
Hyperbolic
/What shape is a lineweaver Burke plot?
Linear
Competitive inhibitor
Resemble substrate - compete for the active site on an enzyme
No effect on vmax - increase Km
1/2 vmax
Km
Lineweaver Burke x intercept
-1/Km
Y intercept lineweaver Burke
1/Vmax
Slope lineweaver Burke plot
Km/Vmax
Non competitive inhibitor
Bind to E or ES complex not at the active site
Decreases Vmax
Unchanged Km
Effect cannot be altered by increasing substrate concentration