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Laboratory Medicine > Biochemical findings > Flashcards

Biochemical findings Flashcards

1
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High IGF-1
  • Failure to suppress GH following administration of 75g of glucose (oral glucose tolerance test)
A

Acromegaly

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2
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Raised Urea
  • Raised Creatinine
  • Raised K+
  • Metabolic acidosis
A

Acute Kidney Injury

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3
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High amylase
  • Other findings may be present, dependent upon cause
A

Acute pancreatitis

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4
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High Bilirubin
  • High ALP
  • High GGT
  • (ALT and AST may also be raised)
A

Cholestasis

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5
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High urea
  • High creatinine
  • High potassium
  • Low calcium (and low 1,25 dihydroxy vit. D)
  • High phosphate
  • Anaemia
  • Metabolic acidosis
A

Chronic Kidney Disease

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6
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low Potassium
  • Metabolic alkalosis
  • High urine potassium
  • High aldosterone
  • Low renin
A

Conn’s syndrome

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7
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High 24hr urine cortisol
  • Failure to suppress ACTH during overnight dexamethasone test
A

Cushing’s syndrome

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8
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High sodium
  • High urea
  • High plasma osmolality
  • Low urine osmolality
A

Diabetes insipidus

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9
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High glucose
  • High ketones
  • Metabolic acidosis (with raised anion gap)
A

Diabetic ketoacidosis

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10
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High total cholesterol
  • High LDL
A

Familial hypercholesterolaemia

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11
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High calcium
  • High or normal PTH
  • Low 24h urine calcium
A

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia

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12
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High bilirubin
  • Defect found in UTG1A1 gene (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1)
A

Gilbert’s Syndrome

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13
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Failure to show increase in growth hormone following insulin tolerance test
A

Growth hormone deficiency

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14
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High ALT
  • High AST
  • Bilirubin, ALP and GGT may also be raised
A

Hepatitis

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15
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Respiratory alkalosis
A

Hyperventilation

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16
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low calcium
  • High phosphate
  • Low PTH
A

Hypoparathyroidism

17
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low glucose
  • High insulin
  • High C-peptide
A

Insulinoma

18
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High calcium
  • Low PTH
A

Malignant hypercalcaemia

19
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Metabolic acidosis (raised anion gap)
  • High osmolar gap
A

Methanol overdose

20
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High troponin
  • High CK
A

Myocardial infraction

21
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low albumin
  • Low sodium
  • High 24h urine protein
A

Nephrotic syndrome

22
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High ALP
A

Paget’s disease

23
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High 24h urine metadrenalines

Consider investigation for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type II

A

Phaechromocytoma

24
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Cholestatic LFTs (high bilirubin, ALP, GGT and possibly ALT and AST)
  • Positive Anti-microbial antibodies
A

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

25
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High calcium
  • Low phosphate
  • Inappropriately high PTH

Consider investigations for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia

A

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

26
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low T4
  • Low T3
  • High TSH
A

Primary hypothyroidism

27
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low sodium
  • Normal Plasma osmolality
A

Pseudohyponatraemia

28
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low phosphate
  • Low potassium
  • Low magnesium
A

Refeeding syndrome

29
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Metabolic acidosis (with normal anion gap)
A

Renal tubular acidosis

30
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low T4
  • Low T3
  • Low (or low normal TSH)
A

Secondary hypothyroidism

31
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low sodium
  • Low plasma osmolality
  • High urine osmolality
  • Urine sodium > 20mmol/L
A

SIADH

32
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High T4
  • High T3
  • Low TSH

Thyroid antibodies may be positivie, depending upon cause

A

Thyrotoxicosis

33
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • High Glucose
  • High Ketones (in DKA)
  • Positive anti-GAD antibodies
  • Positive islet cell antibodies
A

Type I Diabetes

34
Q

In which condition would the following biochemical findings be present?

  • Low calcium
  • Low phosphate
  • High ALP
A

Vitamin D deficiency

Laboratory Medicine (7 decks)

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