Biochemistry of Carbohydrates Flashcards
(27 cards)
Carbohydrates that contain 2-10 monosaccharide units are?
Oligosaccharides
The most abundant oligosaccharides found in nature are?
Disaccharides
Two monosaccharides covalently bonded together by glycosidic linkages are?
Disaccharides
The hydroxyl group of one sugar reacting with the anomeric carbon of the other sugar forms?
Glycosidic linkages
Examples of disaccharides are?
Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose
The major degradative product of starch is?
Maltose
Maltose is hydrolyzed into?
Two molecules of Alpha D-glucose
Maltose is hydrolyzed by?
The intestinal enzyme maltase
The glycosidic linkages found in maltose are?
Alpha 1,4 glycosidic linkages
Lactose is hydrolyzed into?
Beta D-galactose and D-glucose
Lactose is hydrolyzed by?
Lactase
The glycosidic linkages found in lactose are?
Beta 1,4 glycosidic linkages
Sucrose is hydrolyzed into?
Alpha D-glucose and Beta D-fructose
Sucrose is hydrolyzed by?
Sucrase
Why is sucrose a non-reducing sugar?
Sucrose has no free anomeric carbon, since both anomeric carbons of both monosaccharides are linked to each other
The glycosidic linkages found in sucrose are?
Alpha 1,2 beta glycosidic linkages
Long chain polymeric carbohydrates composed of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic linkages are?
Polysaccharides
Two types of polysaccharides are?
Homopolysaccharides
Heteropolysaccharides
Polysaccharides that contain only one type of monosaccharide building block are?
Homopolysaccharides
Four examples of homopolysaccharides are?
Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
Dextrin
The most important storage polysaccharides in plant cells is?
Starch
Two polymeric units of glucose found in starch?
Amylose
Amylopectin
An unbranched polymeric unit made up of 250-300 D-glucose units linked by alpha 1,4 linkages is?
Amylose
A long branched glucose residue(units) with higher molecular weight is?
Amylopectin
