Biodiversity

Question 1

Variety of genes/inheritable characteristics present in the population

Answer 1

genetic diversity

Question 2

individual genetic variation within a population

Answer 2

genetic diversity

Question 3

increases the chances that individuals will survive during changing environment/new diseases

Answer 3

genetic diversity

Question 4

genetic differences between populations (adaptations to local conditions)

Answer 4

genetic diversity

Question 5

Variety of ecosystems that is present in the biosphere (including different kinds of places where organisms live and how they interact with each other)

Answer 5

ecosystem diversity

Question 6

extinction of populations of one species
can have a negative impact on other species in the ecosystem

Answer 6

ecosystem diversity

Question 7

physical characteristics to
classify species

Answer 7

typological species concept

Question 8

Description of the species provide
detailed record of physical
characteristics

Answer 8

typological species concept

Question 9

Limitations of typological species concept?

Answer 9

alleles produce different traits
within species

Question 10

Species is determined by
similarity of characteristics and
ability to interbreed and produce
fertile offspring

Answer 10

biological species concept

Question 11

Most commonly used species
concept

Answer 11

biological species concept

Question 12

Limitations of biological species concept?

Answer 12

• Occasionally, some species interbreed
• Doesn’t account for extinct species

Question 13

determined by evolutionary history

Answer 13

phylogenetic species concept

Question 14

Accounts for extinct species
and molecular data

Answer 14

phylogenetic species concept

Question 15

Limitations of phylogenetic species concept?

Answer 15

evolutionary history is
not known for all species

Question 16

variety and extent of
differences among living things

Answer 16

species diversity

Question 17

number of different
species and the relative abundance of
species in a biological community

Answer 17

species diversity

Question 18

increases the likelihood of some members of a species to survive in a changed environment

Answer 18

species diversity

Question 19

species on which other species in an
ecosystem depend on; if it were removed, the ecosystem would
change drastically

Answer 19

keystone species

Question 20

not abundant in nature

Answer 20

keystone species

Question 21

Controls community structure by their
pivotal ecological roles

Answer 21

keystone species

Question 22

limits the abundance of
competitively dominant species

Answer 22

keystone species

Question 23

strong effects on their communities
as a result of their large size, high
abundance, or pivotal role in community dynamics

Answer 23

foundation species

Question 24

provide significant habitat or food for
other species

Answer 24

foundation species

Question 25

create or dramatically alter their physical environment

Answer 25

ecosystem engineers

Question 26

effects can either be positive or negative depending on the needs of the other species

Answer 26

ecosystem engineers

Question 27

Also known as invasive, nonnative, or exotic species

Answer 27

introduced species

Question 28

causes ecological or economic harm in a new environment where it is not native

Answer 28

introduced species

Question 29

moved by humans either intentionally or accidentally from its native location to a new geographic region

Answer 29

introduced species

Question 30

republic act 9147

Answer 30

Prohibits the introduction of alien species in protected and critical habitats

Question 31

the number of different species in the community

Answer 31

species richness

Question 32

proportion each species represents of all individuals in the community

Answer 32

species evenness/relative abundance

Question 33

the most abundant species

Answer 33

species dominance

Question 34

index used to calculate the diversity based on species richness and relative abundance

Answer 34

shannon diversity index

Question 35

What does a higher value of H mean, when solving for diversity with the Shannon diversity index?

Answer 35

it means that the ecosystem is more diverse

Question 36

ability to resist change in the face of disturbances

Answer 36

stability

Question 37

One factor that promotes an ecosystem’s stability is...?

Answer 37

biodiversity

Question 38

increase the probability of organism’s adaptation and survival in a changing environment

Answer 38

stable ecosystem

Question 39

international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources; data gathering and analysis

Answer 39

international union of conservation and nature (IUCN)

Question 40

critical indicator of the health of the world’s biodiversity

Answer 40

IUCN red list of threatened species

Question 41

human intervention and an attempt to preserve critically endangered species

Answer 41

conservation status

Question 42

refers to a specific category of threatened species including critically endangered species

Answer 42

IUCN red list

Question 43

high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future

Answer 43

vulnerable species

Question 44

very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future

Answer 44

endangered species

Question 45

extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future

Answer 45

critically endangered species

Question 46

Refers to any species of animals, plants, fungi, and other organisms that are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future

Answer 46

threatened species

Question 47

end of a species or group of species. Happens when last extant member of a species dies, and when capacity to breed and recover is lost

Answer 47

extinction

Question 48

there are no surviving individuals that can reproduce and create a new generation

Answer 48

extinction

Question 49

Species known only to survive in cultivation are categorized as...?

Answer 49

extinct in the wild (EW)

Question 50

wherein large numbers of species become extinct worldwide

Answer 50

mass extinction

Question 51

may occur due to habitat destruction and inability to adapt to a changed environment

Answer 51

extinction

Question 52

leads to native species relocating or dying

Answer 52

habitat loss

Question 53

clearing or destruction of habitat

Answer 53

habitat destruction

Question 54

disruption of ecosystem processes

Answer 54

habitat disruption

Question 55

separation of an ecosystem into small pieces of land

Answer 55

habitat fragmentation

Question 56

different environmental conditions that occur along the boundaries of an ecosystem

Answer 56

edge effect

Question 57

species are not a threat to biodiversity in their native habitats

Answer 57

introduced species

Question 58

Often reproduce in large numbers because of a lack of predators and become invasive species in their new habitat

Answer 58

introduced species

Question 59

Harvesting of wild organisms at rates exceeding the ability of their populations to rebound

Answer 59

overharvesting

Question 60

alterations in climate, atmospheric chemistry, and broad ecological systems that reduce the capacity to sustain life

Answer 60

climate change

Question 61

rain, snow, or fog with a pH less than 5.2. The burning of wood and fossil fuels releases oxides of sulfur and nitrogen that react with water in air, forming sulfuric and nitric acids.

Answer 61

acid precipitation

Question 62

resources that are replaced by natural processed faster than they are consumed. Supply is not unlimited.

Answer 62

renewable resources

Question 63

resources found in limited amounts/replaced by natural processes over extremely long periods of time

Answer 63

non-renewable resources

Question 64

random fun fact

Answer 64

Species are considered renewable resources until the last of a species dies. When extinction occurs, a species is nonrenewable because it is lost forever

Question 65

using resources at a rate in which they can be replaced or recycled while preserving the long-term environmental health of the biosphere

Answer 65

sustainable use

Question 66

Population conservation focuses on what factors?

Answer 66

population size, genetic diversity, critical habitat

Question 67

Establishing protected areas by preserving what?

Answer 67

- biodiversity hotspots - nature reserves - zoned reserves

Question 68

relatively small area with numerous endemic species, and a large number of endangered and threatened species

Answer 68

biodiversity hotspots

Question 69

protected “islands” of biodiversity in a sea of habitat altered or degraded by human activity

Answer 69

nature reserves

Question 70

extensive region; includes areas relatively undisturbed by humans surrounded by areas that have been changed by humans

Answer 70

zoned reserves

Question 71

use of living organisms, such as prokaryotes, fungi, or plants, to detoxify a polluted area

Answer 71

bioremediation

Question 72

Adding natural predators to a degraded ecosystem

Answer 72

biological augmentation