Biodiversity And Classification Of microorganisms Flashcards Preview

LIFESC Module 1 > Biodiversity And Classification Of microorganisms > Flashcards

Flashcards in Biodiversity And Classification Of microorganisms Deck (41)
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1
Q

Karyote

A

Nucleus

2
Q

Obligate intracellular parasite

A

Can only survive inside cells of living organisms

3
Q

Extremophile

A

Lover of extremes

4
Q

Peptidoglycan

A

Mixture of polysaccharide and amino acids

5
Q

Flagella

A

Tendril-like outgrowths

6
Q

Cilia

A

Hair-like structures

7
Q

Sessile

A

Fixed to one point

8
Q

Dinoflagellates

A

2 flagella bacteria

9
Q

Protozoan

A

First animal

10
Q

Pseudopodia

A

False feet

11
Q

Plankton

A

Numerous microorganisms floating in currents of the open ocean

12
Q

Taxonomist

A

A person who classifies organisms into groups based on shared features

13
Q

Extracellular digestion

A

Use digestive enzymes to break down organic matter into a form they can absorb

14
Q

Saprotrophic

A

Feeding on dead organisms and decaying organic matter

15
Q

Hyphae

A

Mass of branched filaments enclosed by a rigid cell wall

16
Q

Detritivores

A

An organism that uses organic waste as a food source (e.g. Some insects)

17
Q

Human flora

A

Microorganisms (bacteria/ fungi) that live in the human body

  • some useful
  • majority = no beneficial effect/ harm
18
Q

Viral load

A

Amount of HIV in a person’s blood

19
Q

Cultivar

A

Plant variety produced by breeding

20
Q

Virulent

A

Actively poisonous

21
Q

Vector

A

Animal that carries a pathogen

22
Q

Necrotic

A

Dying

23
Q

MDR-TB

A

Organism resistant to 2 first line drugs

24
Q

XDR-TB

A

Extremely drug resistant

- resistant to 3 or more 2nd line treatment drugs

25
Q

Debilitating

A

To make weak or feeble

26
Q

Anaemia

A

Destruction of red blood cells

27
Q

ITN

A

Insect treated nets

28
Q

Haustoria

A

Root-like structures

29
Q

Topical

A

Applied directly to body’s surface

30
Q

Keratin

A

Dead outermost layer of skin

31
Q

Antigen

A

A protein/ layer polysaccharide molecule in the coat of a virus or a bacterium which causes B lymphocytes to make antibodies

32
Q

Antibody

A

A protein made by B lymphocytes that destroys or neutralizes a germ

33
Q

Phagocyte

A

Cell that eats

34
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Phagocyte surrounds germ when in contact

- phagocyte engulfs pathogen

35
Q

Vaccination (immunization)

A

The process of giving a vaccine to a person by injection or orally, to make them immune to a disease

36
Q

Vaccine

A

Suspension of dead, weakened or fragmented microorganisms, or their toxins, that will stimulate the production of antibodies by the B lymphocytes (antibody cells), which will cause immunity.

37
Q

Artificially acquired immunity

A

Uses vaccination

- most antibodies stay in blood giving long-lasting protection against the disease

38
Q

Drug

A

Chemical substance used in treatment, cure or prevention of a disease/ disorder.

39
Q

Antibiotic

A

Drugs that fight infections caused by bacteria

40
Q

Super bug

A

Bacteria resistant to almost all known antibiotics

41
Q

Pro

A

Before