Bioethics

Question 1

focuses more on the consequences of the actions.
- does not focus on the actions itself

Answer 1

Teleology

Question 2

Kantian Ethics” - whole act itself
- focus on the act itself
- expected to do it
- right thing to do
- things that we try to justify because we believe that is the right thing to do

Answer 2

Deontology

Question 3

assume that everything goes as planned.

Answer 3

Hypothetical Imperative

Question 4

Ist stage: “universality” try to assess if everyone will do the action what will be the result. Not everyone has the same condition with the hypothetical. 2nd stage: “human dignity”

Answer 4

Categorical Imperative

Question 5

greater good
- if it does benefit the many, it is good.
- win should always be greater than loss

Answer 5

Utilitarianism

Question 6

-choose to do the action because it leads to the desired outcome.
- action is good as it leads to the desired result

Answer 6

Pragmatism

Question 7

is the theory that holds that morality is relative to the norms of one’s culture

Answer 7

Ethical Relativism

Question 8

(in Kantian moral philosophy) the capacity of an agent to act in accordance with objective morality rather than under the influence of desires.
- rights
- “informed consent”
- capability to make decision
- elements
- disclose the information to the client
- competency
- documentation

Answer 8

Autonomy

Question 9

truth telling”
- “I-thou” relationship

Answer 9

Veracity

Question 10

• the state of keeping or being kept secret or private.”
  
  • the lead bank’s duty of confidentiality to the borrower”
  • do not share information
  • Not absolute

Answer 10

Confidentiality

Question 11

Breach of Confidentiality

Answer 11

Threat of Harm
Legal Requirement/court order
Patient Consent
Member of the healthcare team

Question 12

-Confidentiality
-Veracity (truth telling and right to information)

Answer 12

Ethical principles

Question 13

-Considers the patient as a person with a problem
-The patient is a person with feelings of and despair, with purpose and defeat. As such, one has the right to know the nature of one’s disease

Answer 13

Person-centered Approach

Question 14

Stresses the nature of the problem or the degree and severity of the patient’s illness
Considers the patient’s problem, illness or condition

Answer 14

Problem-centered Approach

Question 15

Describes a person’s relationship with things, objects or “its”. man – object or subject-object relationship

Answer 15

“I – It” Relationship

Question 16

Relationship with other persons – ourselves and other people.

Answer 16

I – Thou” Relationship

Question 17

Refers to the medical or professional secrecy in which certain information is committed to a physician or health care provider in an official capacity for the sake of medical assistance

Answer 17

CONFIDENTIALITY

Question 18

From the latin “confidere”

Answer 18

to trust

Question 19

arises if and when there is a conflict between individual interest (patient’s interest) and the interest of the society (common good).

Answer 19

moral issue of confidentiality

Question 20

If the physician acts to protect the patient’s trust, then he is violating the law If the physician acts according to the law, then he violates the confidence of his patient

Answer 20

Dilemma

Question 21

The word autonomy comes from the Greek ‘auto-nomos’

Answer 21

‘self-rule’ or ‘self-determination’

Question 22

is based on the human capacity to direct one’s life according to rational principles.

Answer 22

autonomy

Question 23

are considered as being ends in themselves in that they have the capacity to determine their own destiny, and as such must be respected.

Answer 23

Autonomous people

Question 24

is the basis for the practice of “informed consent” in the transaction regarding health care.

Answer 24

The principle of AUTONOMY

Question 25

-is based on the moral and legal premise of patient autonomy -is the process in which a health care provider educates a patient about the risks, benefits, and alternatives of a given procedure or intervention.

Answer 25

Informed consent

Question 26

Informed consent carries two main functions:

Answer 26

Protective and participative

Question 27

You must have the capacity (or ability) to make the decision.

Answer 27

Informed Consent

Question 28

There is disclosure or full information of the matter • health care provider must give (or disclose) to you all relevant information so that you can make an informed decision

Answer 28

Disclosure

Question 29

• consent form should be signed and dated both by the healthcare provider and patient • parents would sign for their child • copy can be requested by the patient

Answer 29

Documentation of Consent

Question 30

is a legal term used to indicate that a person has the ability to make and be held accountable for their decisions.

Answer 30

Competency

Question 31

The term is often used loosely in medicine to indicate whether a person has decision-making capacity, as described previously.

Answer 31

Competency

Question 32

positive pole of nonmaleficence It means to do good , to provide a benefit hinges on the other duties such as fair play, keeping promises, role commitments ,reciprocity

Answer 32

Beneficence

Question 33

evil or harm should not be inflicted either on oneself or on others

Answer 33

Nonmaleficence

Question 34

It implies a sense of duty to treat all people without bias to age, socio-economic status, race, or gender.

Answer 34

Justice

Question 35

is an excellent trait of character are attitudes, dispositions, or character traits that enable us to be and to act in ways that develop this potential. Possessing a virtue is a matter of degree

Answer 35

VIRTUE

Question 36

Focuses on the person rather than the action Character-based ethics not only deals with the rightness or wrongness of individual actions Moreover, it provides guidance as to the sort of characteristics and behaviors a good person will seek to achieve

Answer 36

VIRTUE ETHICS

Question 37

is the ability of oneself to identify in the situation of others. is a trait of active regard for others welfare with imaginative awareness and emotional response of deep sympathy, tenderness, and discomfort at another person’s suffering.

Answer 37

Compassion

Question 38

is confident belief in and reliance upon the ability and moral character of another person. It entails a confidence that another will act with right motives in accord with moral norms. It is measured by recognition of nurse’s consistency and predictability in following morals. norms

Answer 38

Trustworthiness

Question 39

means soundness, reliability, wholeness and integration of moral character. A person with—- has consistency of convictions, actions, and emotions and is trustworthy. -is compromised when a nurse acts inconsistently or in a way not supported by moral beliefs.

Answer 39

Integrity

Question 40

To treat situations of human activity within which one is forced to deal with the occurrence of both good and evil as results of a moral decision and subsequent action.

Answer 40

PRINCIPLE OF DOUBLE EFFECT

Question 41

PRINCIPLE OF LEGITIMATE COOPERATION WHAT IT SAYS TWO THINGS:

Answer 41

FORMAL COOPERATION MATERIAL COOPERATION

Question 42

WHEN YOU SHARE THE OTHER PERSON'S EVIL INTENT COULD INVOLVE APPROVING OR TAKING PART IN IT 'IT'S NEVER MORALLY PERMISSIBLE, ACCORDING TO CHURCH (YOUR INTENT/OBJECT IS BAD)

Answer 42

FORMAL COOPERATION

Question 43

YOU DO NOT SHARE THE OTHER PERSON'S EVIL INTENT, BUT YOU STILL COOPERATE.

Answer 43

MATERIAL COOPERATION

Question 44

WHEN YOU PARTICIPATE IN A WAY THAT'S ESSENTIAL TO THE COMMISSION (COMPLETION) OF THE EVIL ACT NEVER MORALLY PERMISSIBLE (YOU AND THE OTHER PERSON SHARE THE SAME OBJECT)

Answer 44

IMMEDIATE MATERIAL COOPERATION

Question 45

WHEN YOU PARTICIPATE IN A WAY THAT'S NOT ESSENTIAL TO THE COMMISSION (COMPLETION) OF THE EVIL ACT.

Answer 45

MEDIATE MATERIAL COOPERATION

Question 46

Refers to the expression of one's responsibility to take care of, nurture and cultivate what has been entrusted to him.

Answer 46

PRINCIPLE OF STEWARDSHIP