Biological Basis of Behavior

Question 1

A nerve cell specializing in communication

Answer 1

Neuron

Question 2

What are the 6 parts of a neuron?

Answer 2

Cell body
Dendrite
Axon
Synapse and Synaptic Vessel
Glial Cells
Myelin Sheath

Question 3

It is the space between connecting neurons.

Answer 3

synapse

Question 4

The spherical sac containing neurotransmitters

Answer 4

synaptic vessel

Question 5

What does the myelin sheath do?

Answer 5

It is an insulator of a neuron’s signal.
It helps conduct electricity to make speed of signal faster.

Question 6

The part of the neuron that sends signals to neighboring cells

Answer 6

axon

Question 7

The part of the neuron is the central region of the neural cell.`

Answer 7

cell body

Question 8

The part of the neuron that produces protein and continually renews cell components

Answer 8

cell body

Question 9

The part of the neuron that gives scaffolding for efficient neurotransmission.

Answer 9

Glial cells

Question 10

The scaffolding involved with thought, memory, and immune system.

Answer 10

Astrocytes

Question 11

Scaffolding that produces the myelin sheath

Answer 11

Oligodendrocytes

Question 12

Part of the neuron that receives signals from neighboring cells

Answer 12

Dendrites

Question 13

How do neurons respond?

Answer 13

By generating electrical activity

Question 14

What is resting potential?

Answer 14

When a neuron is not stimulated or inhibited

Question 15

What is absolute refractory potential?

Answer 15

Brief time another action potential is impossible; it limits maximal firing rate

Question 16

Insulin is a type of neurotransmitter (T/F)

Answer 16

False

Question 17

How is action potential triggered?

Answer 17

Electrical pulse

Question 18

What are neurotransmitters?

Answer 18

1. carries information between neurons
2. sends chemical messages from brain to body, vv.

Question 19

Neurotransmitter involved in stressful or exciting moment

Answer 19

Adrenaline

Question 20

Neurotransmitter that enhances memory and learning

Answer 20

Glutamate

Question 21

Neurotransmitter that is responsible for mood and temperature regulation

Answer 21

Serotonin

Question 22

Neurotransmitter responsible for reduction of pain and increase of euphoria

Answer 22

Endorphins

Question 23

Neurotransmitter responsible for rewarding experience

Answer 23

Dopamine

Question 24

Neurotransmitter that calms

Answer 24

Gaba

Question 25

Neurotransmitter involved in concentration

Answer 25

Nonadrenaline

Question 26

Neurotransmitter involved with pain reduction, appetite and sleepiness

Answer 26

Anandamide

Question 27

What is the interaction between the brain and the nervous system?

Answer 27

The nervous system relays messages from the brain

Question 28

What are the 3 parts of the brain?

Answer 28

Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain

Question 29

What are the 7 parts of the forebrain?

Answer 29

Cerebral cortex Four lobes Thalamus Hypothalamus Limbic System Pituitary Gland Basal Ganglia

Question 30

Part of forebrain connected by corpus callosum

Answer 30

cerebral cortex

Question 31

The cerebral consists of how many cerebral hemispheres

Answer 31

2

Question 32

What are the four lobes?

Answer 32

Parietal Frontal Occipital Temporal

Question 33

What part of the forebrain relays sensory information to cerebral cortex?

Answer 33

Thalamus

Question 34

What part of the forebrain maintains constant internal state and regulates eating, sleeping and endocrine system?

Answer 34

Hypothalamus

Question 35

What are the three parts of the limbic system and their roles?

Answer 35

Hippocampus - spatial memory Amygdala - excitement, arousal and fear Septum - anger and fear

Question 36

What part of the forebrain is the master gland of the endocrine sytem?

Answer 36

Pituitary gland

Question 37

Part of the forebrain crucial in motor system

Answer 37

Basal ganglia

Question 38

Which of the four lobes is involved in the process of tactile sensory information?

Answer 38

Parietal

Question 39

Which of the four lobes is involved with motor skills, higher level cognition and expressive language?

Answer 39

Frontal

Question 40

Which of the four lobes is involved with visual stimulus and information?

Answer 40

Occipital

Question 41

Which of the four lobes is involved with audio and memory processing?

Answer 41

Temporal

Question 42

What is the part of the midbrain?

Answer 42

Reticular Activating System

Question 43

What does the reticular activating system do?

Answer 43

It controls consciousness, attention, cardio functioning and movement.

Question 44

What are the four parts of the hindbrain?

Answer 44

Medulla oblongata Cerebellum Pons Brain stem

Question 45

What does the Medulla Oblongata manage?

Answer 45

Regulation of breathing and heartbeats

Question 46

What does Pons manage?

Answer 46

Dream trigger information between cortex and cerebellum consciousness arousal

Question 47

What does the Cerebellum manage?

Answer 47

Balance, coordination and muscle tone

Question 48

What connects the brain and the spinal coord?

Answer 48

Brain stem

Question 49

What is the Endocrine System?

Answer 49

A group of glands that secrete hormones that influence mood and behavior

Question 50

What are the three glands under the ES?

Answer 50

Sexual Reproductive, Pituitary and Adrenal

Question 51

What hormones are released by the pituitary gland and what is it responsible for?

Answer 51

Oxytocin - maternal and romantic love

Question 52

What hormones are released by the adrenal gland and what is it responsible for?

Answer 52

Adrenaline - boosts energy production in muscle cells while restricting other parts Cortisol - regulates blood pressure and cardiovascular function

Question 53

What hormones are released by the sexual reproductive gland?

Answer 53

Testosterone and estrogen