biological molecules

Question 1

What are biological molecules?

Answer 1

Biological molecules are chemicals that mainly consist of carbon and hydrogen as their elements and are present in living organisms.

Question 2

What are the three elements present in carbohydrates?

Answer 2

-carbon
-oxygen
-hydrogen

Question 3

What three categories can carbohydrates be split into?

Answer 3

-monosaccharides
-disaccharides
-polysaccharides

Question 4

Properties and types of monosaccharides

Answer 4

-glucose
-galactose
-fructose
=to produce energy
=dissolves in water
=sweet

Question 5

Properties and types of disaccharides

Answer 5

-sucrose=fructose +glucose
-lactose=galactose +glucose
-maltose=glucose +glucose
=sweet
=dissolves in water

Question 6

Properties and types of polysaccharides

Answer 6

-starch–>storage in plants
-glycogen–>storage in animals
-cellulose–>cell wall
=does not dissolve in water
=not sweet

Question 7

points on protiens

Answer 7

-polymers made out of monomers of units called amino acids
-The elements present are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur
-Functions include the growth and repair of muscles and growth of nails and hair

Question 8

points on lipids

Answer 8

-elements present are carbon, oxygen and hydrogen
Lipids remaining liquid at room temperature are plant-based
Lipids remaining solid at room temperature are animal-based
A lipid is made up of two molecules: glycerole and fatty acids
Functions are to keep your body warm by having a layer of fat underneath the skin, to supply energy whenever needed and toprotect internal organs from pressure

Question 9

testers for biological molecule tests

Answer 9

glucose: benedict’s solution
starch: iodine solution
protien: buiret solution
lipids: ethanol