Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phases Of Matter Review > Biological Science > Flashcards

Biological Science Flashcards

1
Q

Multicellular organisms such as plants and animals

A

Eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function
Transporting of DNA to messenger RNA, it has it’s own membrane, allowing the passage of materials and proteins needed for DNA replication

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Responsible for the production of proteins. Can be free and not bound to any membrane, or can be to the outer membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum

A

Ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Two types: smooth and rough

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Has ribosomes attached it the Outer surface, produces proteins

A

Rough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Doesn’t have ribosomes attached, transports the proteins out of the cell

A

Smooth er

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Modifying and packaging proteins and other macromolecules in the cell, can take the process of exocytosis so the materials can be secreted for the cell

A

Golgi bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Termed the suicide sacs of cells because of their involvement with digestion within the cells. They will also use the digestive enzymes to break down parts of the cell that are no longer any use it the cell

A

Lysosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sore materials, are sacs within the cell that house the range of materials for later use

A

Vacuoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Powerhouse
Ability to produce the energy for life. This is accomplished by carrying out the process of Aerobic respiration. It has an inner and outer membrane

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The folds of the inner membrane of the mitochondria are called?

A

Cristae they are packed with proteins needed for the election transport chain to carry out its function so The mitochondria can continuously produce ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Present in plants, contains a substance called chlorophyll to carry out the process of photosynthesis

A

Chloroplasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Has a number if micro tubule fibers to provide shape and structure of a cell, made up of protein

A

Cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Not present with the cell, located outside the cell and allow the cell to move

A

Cilia/ flagella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Not considered an organelle, it’s a lipid bilayer containing both hydrophilic and hydrophilic portions to keep a watery environments in and out of the cell as needed. It’s selective as to what is entered into the cell. Proteins are present for some transport and carbohydrates for cell identification

A

Cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Present in plant cells, cellulose containing giving the plant cell rigidity

A

Cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Particles naturally move from higher concentration to lower

A

Diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The concentration is the same inside and outside of the cell

A

Isotonic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The solution outside the cell is lower concentration of solutes than inside the cell

A

Hypotonic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The outside solution has a higher concentration of solute in he cell

A

Hypertonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Transportation that occurs form a high concentration to a low concentration naturally without and without any additional energy

A

Passive transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Materials need to be moved from an area of low concentration to one higher concentration

A

Active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Simple sugars

A

Monosaccharides

Glucose and fructose

24
Q

In order to form disaccharides and starches the removal of water is called?

A

Dehydration synthesis

25
Q

Larger starches or polysaccharides have water added to them to break down into simple sugars for use by cells

A

Hydrolysis

26
Q

Protein contains ?

A

Carbon, hydrogen,nitrogen and oxygen

27
Q

The primary sequence of proteins is the order in which amino acids have formed what?

A

Peptide bonds

Hemoglobin is an example

28
Q

Complex proteins that function to regulate the rate at which reactions occur

A

Enzymes

29
Q

They are catalysts that aim to lower the amount of energy it takes for a reaction to occur

A

Enzymes

30
Q

Made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Made up from the dehydration synthesis of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules.

A

Lipids

31
Q

Lipid chain is single it is classified as ?

A

Saturated fat

32
Q

Lipid classified as double bond it is?

A

Unsaturated

33
Q

Stored by the body as an energy reserve and can provide twice per gram than protein and carbohydrates

A

Lipids

34
Q

The building blocks for DNA AND RNA.
Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus, five Carbon sugar and a nitrogen base , the phosphate group is what joins the chain together

A

Nucleic acids

35
Q

Molecule that supplies energy is called?

A

ATP

36
Q

Method that requires oxygen is called?

A

Aerobic

37
Q

Method that does not require oxygen is called ?

A

Anaerobic

38
Q

Anaerobic process that splits a six carbon glucose molecule into a three carbon pyruvic acid molecule. ATP is needed, provided it enters aerobic process

A

glycolysis

39
Q

Pyruvic acid can be further used to carry out anaerobic processes. Yeast us an example

A

Fermentation

40
Q

After the pyruvic acid is formed the mitochondria of the cell work to convert acetal- CoA enters kerns cycle. During this process 32 ATP molecules are formed along with water

A

Aerobic respiration

41
Q

Carried out process in the chloroplasts of a plant cell and is similar to aerobic respiration

A

Photosynthesis

42
Q

Pathways for energy synthesis

A

Glycolysis
Fermentation
Aerobic respiration
Photosynthesis

43
Q

Macromolecule in cells that codes for how amino acids form proteins, double strained helix that has complimentary nucleic acids that are hydrogen bonded together

A

DNA

44
Q

Exists as a messenger and has nitrogen bases that matches up with nucleic acids for DNA and it pairs up with uracil

A

RNA

45
Q

Process that involves most new cells are produced by eukaryotes, and at the end produces two daughter cells

A

Mitosis

46
Q

Produces sex cells

A

Meiosis

47
Q

Steps to mitosis

A 
Interphase 
Prophase 
Metaphase 
Anaphase 
Telophase
48
Q

The cell is carrying on activities other than reproduction

A

Interphase

49
Q

Chromosomes are replicated during interphase now become viable as they coil as they form chromatids

A

Prophase

50
Q

With the help of centrioles, asters, and spindle fibers the chromatids line up near the equator of the cell

A

Metaphase

51
Q

Chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell from the help of the spindle fibers. Now they are two separate sets of identical chromosomes. Cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm, begins with the pinching of the spindle fibers

A

Anaphase

52
Q

Uncoiling of the chromosomes as they begin to look like chromatin again. The cell the forms two daughter cells as the nuclear membrane is visible again.

A

Telophase

53
Q

The human cell has how many chromosomes

A

46

54
Q

How many chromosomes in each sex cell

A

23

55
Q

The primary spermatocyte develops into 4 sperm

A

Spermatogenesis

56
Q

One egg cell is formed from the oocyte along with 3 polar bodies

A

Oogenesis

57
Q

Single- celled organisms such as bacteria

A

Prokaryotes

Phases Of Matter Review (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions