Biology 14: Biotech Flashcards

1
Q

DNA Primer

A

small piece of DNA that allows DNA polymerase to attach

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2
Q

Gel Electrophoresis

A

separates DNA fragments by size

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3
Q

Nucleic Acid Probe

A

identifies specific DNA seg. using radioactive/ fluorescent tags

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4
Q

Sticky Ends

A

unattached nucleotides at ends of DNA strands after restriction enzyme cuts

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5
Q

Plasmid

A

extra loop of bacterial DNA

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6
Q

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

A

quickly makes many copies of DNA without cells

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7
Q

Recombinant DNA

A

DNA blended from multiple sources

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8
Q

DNA Polymerase

A

Enzyme that assembles nucleotides to make more DNA

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9
Q

DNA Ligase

A

Enzyme that “glues” DNA fragments together

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10
Q

DNA Cloning

A

re-programs bacteria to make many copies of a gene we want

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11
Q

DNA Fingerprinting

A

uses patterns of sliced and sorted DNA to identify a person

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12
Q

Restriction Enzyme

A

cuts DNA at set locations based on the nucleotide sequence

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13
Q

Natural Cloning

A

Bacterial: asexual reproduction
Mitotic Cell Division
Identical twins

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14
Q

Artificial Cloning

A

gene cloning: gene spliced into a plasmid, then replicated as part of normal bacterial cell division

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15
Q

Therapeutic Cloning

A

produce a clone embryo in order to produce unspecialized stem cells then induce stem cells to grow into many different kinds of cells, then grow specialized tissues to study or replace diseased, damaged tissue

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16
Q

Reproductive Cloning

A

add DNA to egg, clone larger organisms