Biology Flashcards by Trisha Escoton

Which of the following best describes
biology as a scientific discipline?

A. The study of non-living matter and its properties.
B. The study of celestial objects and phenomena.
C. The study of life and living organisms.
D. The study of human societies and cultures.

C. The study of life and living organisms.

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Which branch of biology is primarily
concerned with the study of diseases and
the changes they cause in body tissues and
organs.

A. Anatomy
B. Histology
C. Pathology
D. Physiology

C. Pathology

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Characteristics of Life- CHROMENGS

Communicate
Homeostasis
Reproduce
Organization
Movement
Excretion
Nutrition/ Metabolism
Growth/ Growth
Sensitivity/ Adaptation

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Characteristics of Life- Communicate

Which type of communication is primarily
used by honeybees to convey the location of a
food source?

A) Chemical signals
B) Visual signals
C) Auditory signals
D) Dance language

D) Dance language

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Characteristics of Life- Homeostasis

Which feedback mechanism is most
commonly associated with maintaining
homeostasis?

A) Positive feedback
B) Negative feedback
C) Feedforward mechanism
D) Neutral feedback

B) Negative feedback

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Characteristics of Life- Reproduce

The flower of a plant is involved in
reproduction. Which parts are male and which
are female?

A. Male: ovary; female: stamen
B. Male: style; female: filament
C. Male: stamen; female: pistil
D. Male: xylem; female: anther

C. Male: stamen; female: pistil

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Characteristics of Life- Reproduce

Which reproductive strategy is advantageous
in a stable and predictable environment?

A) Sexual reproduction
B) Asexual reproduction
C) Cloning
D) Binary fission

B) Asexual reproduction

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Characteristics of Life- Organization

Which of the following is not a living thing?
A. Algae
B. Bacteria
C. Fungi
D. Virus

D. Virus

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Characteristics of Life- Organization

After a period of vigorous exercise, blood leaving a
muscle is expected to have ________.

A. less carbon dioxide, less oxygen and less glucose
B. more carbon dioxide, less oxygen and less glucose
C. more carbon dioxide, more oxygen and less glucose
D. more carbon dioxide, more oxygen and more glucose

B. more carbon dioxide, less oxygen and less glucose

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Characteristics of Life- Organization

What part of the respiratory system serves as the site
of gas exchange?

A. Bronchi
B. Bronchiole
C. Alveoli
D. Trachea

C. Alveoli

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Characteristics of Life- Movement

What role do flagella and cilia play in movement
in single-celled organisms?

A) They contract and relax to generate movement.
B) They act as sensory organs to detect
environmental stimuli.
C) They produce chemical signals to attract other
organisms.
D) They propel the cell through fluid environments

D) They propel the cell through fluid environments

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Characteristics of Life- Excretion

Which of the following is a common excretory
product in plants?

A) Glucose
B) Oxygen
C) Lactic acid
D) Urea

B) Oxygen

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Characteristics of Life- Nutrition/Metabolism

Photosynthesis is an example of what metabolic
process?

A) Anabolic
B) Catabolic
C) Aerobic
D) Anerobic

A) Anabolic

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Characteristics of Life- Growth/Development

Which of the following is an example of growth in
living organisms?

A) Learning a new skill
B) Photosynthesis in plants
C) Increase in body weight
D) Change in mating behavior

C) Increase in body weight

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Characteristics of Life: Sensitivity /Adaptation

What type of tropism is exhibited by plant roots
growing downward in response to gravity?

A. Phototropism
B. Thigmotropism
C. Gravitropism
D. Hydrotropism

C. Gravitropism

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Who coined the term “cell” and observed
cork cells under a microscope in 1665?

A) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
B) Matthias Schleiden
C) Robert Hooke
D) Rudolf Virchow

C) Robert Hooke

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How did the discovery of mitosis contribute
to formation of the cell theory?

A. It demonstrated the diversity of cell shapes and
sizes
B. It explained how cells obtain energy from
nutrients
C. It showed how cells reproduce and maintain their
numbers
D. It revealed the role of cells in responding to stimuli

C. It showed how cells reproduce and maintain their
numbers

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Which organelle is responsible for converting
glucose into ATP, the cell’s main energy
source?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) Nucleus
C) Mitochondria
D) Ribosomes

C) Mitochondria

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Which organelle is responsible for lipid synthesis?

A) Rough ER
B) Smooth ER
C) Golgi Apparatus
D) Lysosome

B) Smooth ER

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What is the main function of cytoplams in a
cell?

A) Regulating the transport of molecules into and
out of the cell
B) Packaging and sending out proteins and lipids
C) Synthesizing proteins in the cell
D) Suspending the cellular structure and providing
place for cellular activities

D) Suspending the cellular structure and providing
place for cellular activities

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Nucleotides are made up of a sugar,
phosphate, and..?

A. fatty acid
B. nucleic acid
C. cholesterol
D. nitrogenous base

D. nitrogenous base

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Which of the following is NOT a part of the
central dogma of molecular biology?

A. DNA replication
B. RNA transcription
C. Protein synthesis
D. RNA replication

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D. RNA replication

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes
align at the cell’s equatorial plate?

A) Prophase
B) Metaphase
C) Anaphase
D) Telophase

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B) Metaphase

The human body has 23 homologous pairs of
chromosomes. How many chromosomes does
a somatic cell have?

A. 23
B. 34
C. 46
D. 69

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C. 46

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are reverse processes among producers. Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis which serve as raw material in cellular respiration? A. Carbon dioxide B. Energy C. Glucose D. Water

C. Glucose

Carbon dioxide is one of the raw materials plants need o make food. Where does gas exchange in plants occur? A. Stomata B. Roots C. Stem D. Flower

A. Stomata

Approximately how many ATP molecules are produced from one molecule of glucose during cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells? A. 30- 32 B. 33- 35 C. 36- 38 D. 39- 42

C. 36- 38

How does telophase differ between animal and plant cells? A) Animal cells form a cell plate, while plant cells form a cleavage furrow. B) Animal cells form a cleavage furrow, while plant cells form a cell plate. C) Both animal and plant cells form a cleavage furrow. D) Both animal and plant cells form a cell plate

B) Animal cells form a cleavage furrow, while plant cells form a cell plate.

How is spermatogenesis different from oogenesis? A. Sperm cells take longer time to develop unlike egg cells B. Ovum is produced in continuous manner unlike in sperm production C. There are prolonged interruprions in oogenesis unlike in spermatogenesis which occurs in constant manner D. Spermatogenesis occurs at certain parts of childhood while oogenesis only during adolescence

C. There are prolonged interruprions in oogenesis unlike in spermatogenesis which occurs in constant manner

Which statement correctly describes the difference between passive and active transport? A) Passive transport requires energy, while active transport does not. B) Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not. C) Passive transport moves substances against their concentration gradient, while active transport moves substances along their concentration gradient. D) Active transport only occurs in animal cells, while passive transport only occurs in plant cells.

B) Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.

When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, it will: A) Gain water and swell B) Lose water and shrink C) Remain the same size D) Divide rapidly

B) Lose water and shrink

Who was the scientist renowned for creating the binomial nomenclature, the system of formally classifying and naming organisms according to their genus and species? A. Charles Darwin B. Antoine Lavoisier C. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek D. Carolus Linnaeus

D. Carolus Linnaeus

Which of the following pairs are more closely- related with each other? A. Humans and chimpanzee since they belong to the class (mammal) B. Humpback whale and New Zealand Pygmy since they belong to the order (megaptera) C. Dogs and cayote since they belong to the genus (canis) D. Kelp and red algae since they belong to the kingdom (protists)

C. Dogs and cayote since they belong to the genus (canis)

Which of the following best describes mutation in Genetics? A. A sudden change in organism’s behavior B. A heritable change in DNA sequence C. An environmental adaptation in response to stress D. A temporary alteration in organism’s appearance

B. A heritable change in DNA sequence

Which of the following is a type of mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed to another? A) Deletion B) Insertion C) Substitution D) Frameshift

C) Substitution

According to the theory of evolution by natural selection, which of the following statements is true? A. Organism adapt to their environment through learned behaviors B. Individuals within a population with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce C. Evolution occurs solely through random genetic mutations D. Natural selection favors the strongest organisms with the largest physical size

B. Individuals within a population with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

Which symbiotic relationship is described by one individual benefiting and the other being neither harmed nor benefited? A. Parasitism B. Competition C. Commensalism D. Mutualism

C. Commensalism

In Lagoon A, there is a rapid growth of microscopic, unicellular algae, called algal bloom. What causes algal bloom? A. Global warming B. Salination C. Eutrophication D. Biomagnification

C. Eutrophication

Mendelian genetics, which of the following terms describes the physical appearance or expression of a trait? A) Genotype B) Phenotype C) Allele D) Homozygous

B) Phenotype

In a cross between a black- furred (BB) dog and a white- furred (bb) dog, black color (B) is dominant over white (b). Following Mendel’s laws of Genetics, what would be the expected flower color ratio in the offspring? A. All black B. 1 black: 1 white c. 1 white: 2 gray: 1 black D. All white

A. All black

What pattern of inheritance is shown when a cross of white and red flower produces a pink flower? A) Codominance B) Incomplete Dominance C) Multiple Allele D) Polygenic inheritance

B) Incomplete Dominance

In ABO blood group systems in humans, if a male of homozygous type- B blood has children with a female of type AB blood, what possible blood types could their children have? A. A and B B. A and AB C. B and AB D. A, B, and AB

C. B and AB

the processes used to create an exact genetic replica of another cell, tissue or organism

cloning

process of one cell simply dividing into two.

Binary fission

part of the respiratory system that carries air to and from your lungs

bronchi

long, U-shaped tube that connects your larynx (voice box) to your lungs

trachea

Father of microbiology

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

- cofounded cell theory; defined cell as basic unit of animal structure

Matthias Schleiden

Father of pathology

Rudolf Virchow

the site of protein synthesis in the cell

Ribosomes

- controls and regulates the activities of the cell (e.g., growth and metabolism) and carries the genes, structures that contain the hereditary information

nucleus

- contains digestive enzymes that break down excess or worn-out cell parts

Lysosome

The primary function is to package long DNA molecules into more compact, denser structures

chromatin

present in an animal cell that acts as the microtubule-organizing centre of the cell

Centrosome

Biology Flashcards

(54 cards)