Chemistry

Question 1

True or False

Atoms are fundamental particles.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

a) Proton
b) Neutron
c) Electron
d) Positron

Answer 2

c) Electron

Question 3

True or False

Protons, Neutrons and Electrons are all
fundamental particles

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Building blocks of protons and neutrons.
(__, __, __, __, __, and __)

Answer 4

Quarks

up, down, charm, strange, top, and bottom

Question 5

Includes electrons and neutrinos

(electron, muon, tau, and their corresponding neutrinos)

Answer 5

Leptons

electron, muon, tau, and their corresponding neutrinos

Question 6

Force-carrying particles. Include photons (electromagnetic force), gluons (strong force), W and Z bosons
(weak force), and the hypothetical graviton (gravitational force).

Answer 6

Bosons

Question 7

What is the chemical symbol for gold?

a) Au
b) Ag
c) Pb
d) Fe

Answer 7

a) Au

Question 8

What is the atomic number (Z) of an element?

a) The number of neutrons
b) The number of protons
c) The number of electrons
d) The atomic mass

Answer 8

b) The number of protons

Question 9

Total number of protons and neutrons

Answer 9

Atomic Mass (A)

Question 10

Average mass of an element’s isotopes based on their natural
abundance

Answer 10

Atomic Weight

Question 11

Number of neutrons; calculated as atomic mass minus
atomic number.

Answer 11

Neutron Number (N)

Question 12

An element having the same number of protons
but differs in numbers of protons are called?

a) Molecules
b) Ions
c) Isotopes
d) Particles

Answer 12

c) Isotopes

Question 13

Groups of atoms bonded together. It could be a
compound or not

Answer 13

Molecules

Question 14

Charged atoms or molecules. It could be cation or anion

Answer 14

Ions

Question 15

General term for small constituents of matter, including
subatomic and elementary particles.

Answer 15

Particles

Question 16

The most abundant phase of matter in the
universe is?

a) Solid
b) Liquid
c) Gas
d) Plasma

Answer 16

d) Plasma

Question 17

What is the process of gas turning directly into
solid called?

a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Sublimation
d) Deposition

Answer 17

d) Deposition

Question 18

Which of the following phase changes is
endothermic?

a) Freezing
b) Condensation
c) Sublimation
d) Deposition

Answer 18

c) Sublimation

Question 19

Release energy, surroundings
warm up

Answer 19

Exothermic Reactions

Question 20

Absorb energy,
surroundings cool down.

Answer 20

Endothermic Reactions

Question 21

What type of bond involves the sharing of
electron pairs between atoms?

a) Ionic bond
b) Covalent bond
c) Metallic bond
d) Hydrogen bond

Answer 21

b) Covalent bond

Question 22

Which type of chemical bond involves the
transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

a) Ionic bond
b) Covalent bond
c) Metallic bond
d) Hydrogen bond

Answer 22

a) Ionic bond

Question 23

Attraction between metal cations and a sea
of delocalized electrons.

Answer 23

Metallic Bond

Question 24

Weak bond between a hydrogen atom
and an electronegative atom

Answer 24

Hydrogen Bond

Question 25

What is the common name for sodium chloride? a) Baking soda b) Table salt c) Vinegar d) Bleach

Answer 25

b) Table salt

Question 26

Ernest Rutherford, discovered the nucleus through what kind of experiment? a) Cathode-Ray Tube Experiment b) Gold Foil Experiment c) Urea Synthesis Experiment d) Dalton’s Atomic Theory Experiment

Answer 26

b) Gold Foil Experiment

Question 27

Discovered the atomic nucleus, leading to the nuclear model of the atom

Answer 27

Gold Foil Experiment

Question 28

Demonstrated the synthesis of organic compounds from inorganic materials, challenging vitalism

Answer 28

Urea Synthesis Experiment (Wöhler)

Question 29

Discovered electrons, leading to the plum pudding model

Answer 29

Cathode-Ray Tube Experiment (Thomson)

Question 30

Formulated the atomic theory, explaining the nature of matter and chemical reactions.

Answer 30

Dalton’s Atomic Theory Experiment

Question 31

What is the pH of a neutral solution? a) 0 b) 7 c) 14 d) 10

Answer 31

b) 7

Question 32

What is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust? a) Oxygen b) Silicon c) Aluminum d) Iron

Answer 32

a) Oxygen

Question 33

What is the main gas found in Earth's atmosphere? a) Oxygen b) Carbon dioxide c) Nitrogen d) Argon

Answer 33

c) Nitrogen

Question 34

Which of the following is a noble gas? a) Oxygen b) Nitrogen c) Helium d) Hydrogen

Answer 34

c) Helium

Question 35

Which law states that the total pressure exerted by a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas? a) Boyle's Law b) Charles's Law c) Dalton's Law d) Avogadro's Law

Answer 35

c) Dalton's Law

Question 36

At constant temperature, as pressure increases, volume decreases

Answer 36

Boyle's Law

Question 37

At constant pressure, as volume increases, temperature increases

Answer 37

Charles' Law

Question 38

At constant volume, as pressure increases, temperature increases

Answer 38

Gay-Lussac's Law

Question 39

How many moles of water are produced when 2 moles of hydrogen gas react with 1 mole of oxygen gas? a) 1 mole b) 2 moles c) 3 moles d) 4 moles

Answer 39

b) 2 moles

Question 40

What is the molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2)? a) 28 g/mol b) 32 g/mol c) 44 g/mol d) 48 g/mol

Answer 40

c) 44 g/mol

Question 41

Rate of Chemical Reaction can be increased by:

Answer 41

- Increasing the concentration of reactants - Increasing the temperature - Adding a catalyst - Increasing the surface area of solid reactants - Stirring or agitation

Question 42

Less solute than the maximum solubility at a given temperature

Answer 42

Undersaturated Solution

Question 43

Maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature

Answer 43

Saturated Solution

Question 44

More solute than the maximum solubility at a given temperature, achieved under specific conditions and typically unstable

Answer 44

Supersaturated

Question 45

What is the electron configuration of sodium (Z=11)? a) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 b) 1s2 1p6 2s1 c) 1s2 2p2 3p6 4d1 d) 1s2 2p3 3d4 4d2

Answer 45

a) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1

Question 46

Which acid is found in vinegar? a) Citric acid b) Hydrochloric acid c) Acetic acid d) Sulfuric acid

Answer 46

c) Acetic acid

Question 47

Found in citrus fruits, weak organic acid, used in food and beverages

Answer 47

Citric Acid

Question 48

Strong mineral acid, used in industry and in the stomach for digestion.

Answer 48

Hydrochloric Acid

Question 49

Strong mineral acid, industrial applications include manufacturing and chemical processes.

Answer 49

Sulfuric Acid

Question 50

Which gas is produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc? a) Oxygen b) Hydrogen c) Nitrogen d) Carbon dioxide

Answer 50

b) Hydrogen

Question 51

What is the name of the principle that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed? a) Law of Conservation of Mass b) Law of Conservation of Energy c) Law of Definite Proportions d) Law of Multiple Proportions

Answer 51

b) Law of Conservation of Energy

Question 52

Mass is conserved in chemical reactions

Answer 52

Law of Conservation of Mass

Question 53

Compounds have fixed mass ratios of elements

Answer 53

Law of Definite Proportions

Question 54

Elements combine in different ratios to form different compounds, with ratios expressed as small whole numbers.

Answer 54

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 55

What is the term for the minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction? a) Activation energy b) Kinetic energy c) Potential energy d)Free energy

Answer 55

a) Activation energy

Question 56

Energy due to motion

Answer 56

Kinetic Energy

Question 57

Energy due to position or configuration

Answer 57

Potential Energy

Question 58

Energy available to do work in a chemical reaction

Answer 58

Free Energy

Question 59

Which of the following is a pair of greenhouse gases that contributes significantly to global warming? a) O₂ and N₂ b) CO₂ and CO c) CO₂ and CH4 d) Ar and Xe

Answer 59

c) CO₂ and CH4

Question 60

What is the main component of natural gas? a) Ethane b) Propane c) Butane d) Methane

Answer 60

d) Methane

Question 61

What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the structure CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃? a) Butane b) Propane c) Pentane d) Hexane

Answer 61

a) Butane

Question 62

used as a petrochemical feedstock and in some industrial applications

Answer 62

Ethane (C₂H₆)

Question 63

often separated from natural gas and used as a fuel for heating, cooking, and in some vehicles

Answer 63

Propane (C₃H₈)

Question 64

It is used as a fuel for lighters, camping stoves, and some types of engines

Answer 64

Butane (C₄H₁₀)