Biology Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the basic unit of life?
The cell.
True or False: All living organisms are composed of cells.
True.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
To protect the cell and regulate what enters and leaves.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the control center of the cell, containing genetic material.
nucleus.
What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in cells.
Multiple Choice: What is the role of ribosomes?
They synthesize proteins.
True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze.
False.
What is the term for the specific region on an enzyme where substrate molecules bind?
Active site.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for energy production in the cell.
mitochondria.
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have them.
Multiple Choice: Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of lipids?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
True or False: Enzymes work best at specific temperature and pH levels.
True.
What is the process called by which cells release energy from glucose?
Cellular respiration.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.
cytoskeleton.
What is a substrate in the context of enzymes?
The reactant molecule that an enzyme acts upon.
Multiple Choice: Which type of cell lacks a true nucleus?
Prokaryotic cell.
True or False: Enzymes can work on multiple types of substrates.
False.
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?
To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell.
Fill in the blank: _______ are membrane-bound vesicles that contain digestive enzymes.
Lysosomes.
What is the primary function of chloroplasts?
To conduct photosynthesis in plant cells.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following organelles is known as the ‘powerhouse of the cell’?
Mitochondria.
True or False: Enzymes are proteins.
True.
What is the term for the energy required to start a chemical reaction?
Activation energy.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is a rigid layer that provides support and protection to plant cells.
cell wall.
