Biology 2 Flashcards
(36 cards)
When you breathe in, where does oxygen eventually get transported to?
To the body’s cells’ to keep them working.
When you breathe in air, what happens to the diaphragm?
It flattens.
When your breathe in, what happens to the Intercostal Muscles?
They contract.
What structure is held at the end of the bronchioles?
Little air sacs called Alveoli.
What is wrapped around the Alveolus?
Capillaries full of red blood cells.
What gases pass out of the blood and into the alveolus for us to breathe out?
Carbon dioxide rich-oxygen.
Define Alveoli.
Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place.
Define inhalation.
The process of Breathing in.
Define Exhalation.
The process of Breathing out.
Define Glucose.
A type of sugar that the body releases energy from during respiration.
Define Respiration.
The process that the body uses to release energy from digested foods. this happens in EVERY CELL in the body.
Define Aerobic.
The type of respiration that occurs with oxygen. It happens in the mitochondria of all cells.
Define Anaerobic.
The type of Respiration that occurs without oxygen, in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Define Ventilation.
The movement of air into and out of the lungs
Define Gas Exchange
The swapping of gases between the alveolar air and the blood.
What is the job of the Respiratory System?
Ventilation and Gas exchange.
Feature of the Alveoli:
Large Surface Area;
How does this feature help the Alveoli to carry our gas exchange to occur?
The walls of the Alveoli are also folded, this helps to increase surface area. A higher surface area means here is more space available for gas exchange to occur.
Feature of the Alveoli:
Surrounded by Capillaries;
How does this feature help the Alveoli to carry our gas exchange to occur?
Every single alveolus is surrounded by capillaries, this ensures the lungs have a good blood supply. As blood is constantly taking oxygen away and bringing carbon dioxide back to the lungs to be removed from the body a constant concentration gradient is maintained, this speeds up the rate of diffusion.
Feature of the Alveoli:
Thin Wall;
How does this feature help the Alveoli to carry our gas exchange to occur?
The walls of the alveoli are very thin, one cell thick. This makes the diffusion pathway very short to gases can move more quickly between the alveolar sac and the capillary.
Feature of the Alveoli:
Well Ventilated;
How does this feature help the Alveoli to carry our gas exchange to occur?
Every single alveolus is ventilated, this also helps to maintain the maximum concentration gradient between the blood and the air in the alveoli.
Explain why the balloons inflate when the flexible rubble sheet is pulled down.
The volume increases and the pressure decreases.
Define roots.
Absorbs water and minerals from the soil.
Define stems.
It transports water and nutrients around the plant.
Define flower.
The reproductive system of plants, they produce fruits containing seeds.
