Biology Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is tissue?
A group of cells.
What is an organ?
A group of tissues with similar structure that work together to carry out a function.
What is the heart?
An organ that pumps blood around your body.
What are capillaries?
Extremely narrow blood vessels that exist in most organs and tissues in the body.
From cell to organism name the components in order?
Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
What is an organ system?
A group of organs that carry out a function.
Name 3 plant organs?
Stems, root, leaves.
Describe the digestive system?
Pancreas and salivary glands, stomach, liver, small intestine, large intestine.
What are Villi?
Villi are an adaptation that line the inside wall of the small intestine and stick out and give a big surface area.
What are Villi made up of and why?
Villi are made up of capillaries that absorb the products of digestion.
Explain how enzymes are involved in the digestion of food?
They breakdown large molecules into smaller molecules.
Which enzymes are involved in the breakdown of Carbohydrates (starch), proteins and lipids?
amylases, proteases, lipases.
Where are amylases, proteases and lipases produced?
In specialised cells in glands and passed out into the gut.
Describe double circulation in humans?
There are two separate circulation systems. The heart pumps blood to the organs via artaries and the blood returns to the heart in veins.
What is the purpose of the circulation of blood?
Materials needed by the cells pass out of the blood and materials produced by the cells pass into the blood.
Describe three main types of blood vessel?
Arteries, veins and capillaries.
What forms the link between arteries and veins?
Capillaries.
What can be used to repair leaky valves in the heart?
Man made artificial valves.
How can narrow or blocked blood vessels be treated?
A stent can be inserted if blood vessels become blocked or damaged.
What is blood made up from?
Blood is a tissue and consists of a fluid called plasma in which red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are suspended.
What is the structure of red blood cells?
Red blood cells contain a red pigment called haemoglobin which transports oxygen.
Describe the function of blood plasma?
Blood plasma transports useful substances to the cells and removes waste products as the blood passes through the capillaries to the organs.
How is oxygen transported from the lungs to other body organs?
In haemoglobin, oxygen in the lungs combines with haemoglobin to form oxyhaemoglobin which is then transported to other organs.
