Biology (cell structure) Flashcards
(27 cards)
Cells are…
smallest unit of life
What all does the mitochondria do?
uses oxygen and glucose to make ATP (cell energy),
Mitochondira is the…
power house of the cell and Primary organelle for aerobic cellular respiration
mitochondira is a
membrane bound organelle that contains two membranes
Ribosomes are the…
smallest oranelle of the cell and are protein factories (every protein in the cell is made at a ribosome)
Ribosomes are ________ so they
nonmembranous: consist of two subunits
Rough ER:
assists in forming functional proteins, transports proteins and makes
phospholipids
Smooth ER:
calcium ion storage, lipid synthesis, and destroys toxins
Golgi Apparatus is like a…
proccesing plant because it concentrates, packages and secretes proteins
Golgi apparatus makes…
makes lysosomes
Lysosomes are…
disintegrator bodies because it contain hydrolytic (digestive) enzymes to help breakdown foreign invaders (such as bacteria)
and old cell parts.
Peroxisomes are…
oxidizing bodies that detoxifies chemicals, metabolizes fatty acids, synthesizes some phospholipids
Peroxisomes contain…
Contain an enzyme called catalase that breaks down hydrogen peroxide
Cytoskeleton is a…
a protein “skeleton” in the cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton component 1 microtubules
give the cell its shape; help with cell movement; make centrioles
cytoskeleton component 2 microfiliments
help with muscle contraction
cytoskeleton component 3 intermediate filaments
resist mechanical forces on a cell
Centrioles are…
composed of microtubules
microtubules…
attach to chromosomes during cell division and pull apart those
chromosomes.
Cilia does what?
beat synchronously to move material across the cell surface (it is a short cell appendage
Flagellum does what?
used to propel a cell (it is a long cell appendage)
Nucleus made of what 4 parts…
1.) nuclear envelope
2.) Nucleoplasm
3.)nucleolus
4.) Chromatin
nuclear envelope
Double membrane structure that contains nuclear pores that allow movement
into and out of the nucleus
Nucleoplasm
the fluid of the nucleus
