biology chapter 2: chemistry of life

Question 1

atom

Answer 1

smallest unit of matter

Question 2

smallest unit of matter

Answer 2

atom

Question 3

three parts of an atom

Answer 3

• proton
• neutron
• electron

Question 4

proton

Answer 4

of protons = whole atomic

• positively charged
• located in nucleus

Question 5

neutron

Answer 5

of neutrons can change in isotopes

• located in the nucleus
• neutral or no charge
• part of the atomic mass

Question 6

electron

Answer 6

• located in the outer shell - “clouds” - 7 total shells
• negative charge
• responsible for bonding

Question 7

atomic #

Answer 7

• number of protons
• identifies the element
• whole number on top

Question 8

atomic mass

Answer 8

• equation: # of P + # of N
• number on bottom w/ decimal

Question 9

isotope

Answer 9

• element that has the different number of neutrons with the same number of protons
• use atomic mass equation to find the number of neutrons

Question 10

chemical bonds

two types

Answer 10

• ionic bond
• covalent bond

Question 11

ionic bonds

Answer 11

the charge of electron is transferred

Question 12

covalent bonds

two types

Answer 12

nonpolar covalent
polar covalent

Question 13

non polar covalent bond

Answer 13

electron charge is shared equally across the molecule

Question 14

polar covalent bond

Answer 14

electron charge is shared unequally across molecule

Question 15

ion

Answer 15

• element with unequal protons and electrons
• losing an electron = positive charge
• gaining an electron = negative charge

Question 16

what bonds are whithin a molecule?

two types

Answer 16

• ionic bonds
• covalnet bonds

Question 17

what bond is between a molecule?

Answer 17

hydrogen

Question 18

three parts of a chemical reaction

Answer 18

• reactants
• yeild sign
• products

Question 19

reactant

Answer 19

what you start with in a chemical reaction

Question 20

product

Answer 20

what you end with in a chemical reaction

Question 21

parts of a solution

two parts

Answer 21

• solute
• solvent

Question 22

solvent

Answer 22

what is doing the dissolving

Question 22

solute

Answer 22

what is being dissolved

Question 23

what is the universal solvent

Answer 23

water

Question 24

properties of water | there are four

Answer 24

* cohesion * ahesion * surface tension * high heat capacity

Question 25

cohesion

Answer 25

water molecule bonds with another water molecule

Question 26

adhesion

Answer 26

water molecule bonds to another molecule that isnt water

Question 27

surface tension

Answer 27

when hydrogen bonds are somewhat flexible | like a bug being able to walk on water

Question 28

heat capacity | in water

Answer 28

it takes a lot of energy to increase its temperature