biology-digestion Flashcards
(18 cards)
what is the first stage of the digestive system -explain what it does?
The mouth which has chews on large pieces food breaking them down.
What do the salivary glands secrete?
salivary glands release the enzyme amylase which breaks down starch into simple sugars. e.g Maltose
What does the food travel through in order to get to the stomach?
The oesophagus.
What is the function of the stomach?
The stomach breaks further down the food by releasing acid and enzymes.It also churns up the food with it’s muscular walls.
Which enzymes does the stomach secrete?
pepsin-which digests protein
What are proteins broken down into?
Amino acids
What 3 types of tissue does the stomach contain?
- muscular tissue-for churning down food
- epithelial-lining tissue to protect cells from hydrochloric acid
- Glandular tissue-releases enzymes for breaking down of food
What would happen to pepsin if the PH was higher in the stomach?
If the PH increases then the pepsin efficiency will be decrease.
What will low efficiency cause?
Indigestion
where does food go after the stomach?
small then large intestine
what does the small intestine do?
The food is neutralised by bile from the gall bladder this neutralises the acidic contents which have left the stomach so that they do not damage the small intestine it also breaks down fats into fatty acids so it is easier to digest.
what does the small intestine do after this?
It absorbs all of the nutritious content that the body can use.
Where does all this nutritious content go?
Into the blood stream
What happens to food not digested in the small intestine?
It goes to the large intestine
What is the function of the large intestine?
It absorbs all of the water out of the remaining waste leaving us with faeces.
What does the pancreas do?
It also releases enzymes (protease, lipase and amylase) Lipase breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.
Where does the pancreas release all these enzymes into?
The small intestine
Where does bile come from?
The liver
