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Human Geography > Biology Midterm > Flashcards

Biology Midterm Flashcards

Ch 1,2,7(not 7.3) (85 cards)

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1
Q

Science

A

An organized way of gathering evidence about the natural world

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2
Q

What are the 3 main goals of science?

A

Answer questions
Collect data
Solve problems

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3
Q

Scientific Method

A 
O-bservation
P-roblem/Question
H-ypothesis
E-xperiment
D-ata collection/Analysis
C-onclusion
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4
Q

Independent Variable

A

Controlled by the experimenter

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5
Q

Dependent Variable

A

Changes based on the Independent Variable

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6
Q

Controll Group

A

A group that does not receive any treatment by the experimenters

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7
Q

Controll Variables

A

The experimental controls

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8
Q

Cell Wall/Membrane

A

Composed of bilayers that protect and support the cell

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9
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The region inside the cell that. supports organelles except for the nucleus

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10
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls all of the cell activity

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11
Q

Nucleolus

A

Makes Ribosomes

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12
Q

Ribosome

A

Makes Proteins

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13
Q

Golgi body

A

Packages and transports proteins

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14
Q

Coarse Adjustment

A

Brings object into focus

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15
Q

Light source

A

Where the light comes from

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16
Q

Objective Lenses

A

Magnifies the sample on the slide

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17
Q

Stage Clips

A

Holds the slide on the platform

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18
Q

Diaphragm

A

Controls the amount of light that hits the slide

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19
Q

Base

A

Supports the microscope

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20
Q

Fine Adjustment

A

Brings object into sharp focus

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21
Q

Nose Piece

A

Rotating piece that holds lenses

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22
Q

Stage

A

A platform that supports microscope slide

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23
Q

Ocular

A

Used for viewing object with 4x-10x-40x magnification

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24
Q

Vacuole

A

Provides structural support/storage

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25
Rough ER
Creates and modifies proteins
26
Smooth ER
Makes membrane lipids and removes toxins
27
Chloroplast
Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment that traps energy from sunlight and gives the plant its green color
28
Cilia
Small hair like structures used for movement or sensing things
29
Cytoskeleton
Everything inside the cell
30
Chromatin
The collection of DNA inside the nucleus
31
What are the steps to focusing a microscope
Turn on light Place object on stage and use stage clips Look into the eye piece and adjust the coarse knob Choose a objective lense Adjust the fine focus knob
32
Carbohydrates Composition
C H O
33
Lipids Composition
C H O
34
Nucleic Acids Composition
C H O N P
35
Proteins Composition
C H O N
36
Carbohydrates Monomer
Monosaccarides
37
Lipids Monomer
None
38
Nucleic Acids Monomer
Nucleotides
39
Proteins Monomer
Amino Acids
40
Carbohydrates Functions
Immediate source of energy Long term source of energy Structural support
41
Lipids Functions
Stores energy Provides water proof coverings Important chemical messenger
42
Nucleic Acids Functions
Makes and Stores DNA and RNA
43
Proteins Functions
Control rate of reactions Transports substances Help fight diseases
44
Carbohydrates Examples
Glucose | Galactose
45
Lipids Examples
Unsaturated/ Saturated Fats
46
Nucleic Acids Examples
DNA | RNA
47
Proteins Examples
Primary/ Secondary Structure
48
Carbohydrates Foods
Potatoes Bannas Pasta
49
Lipids Foods
Fats Oils Waxes
50
Nucleic Acids Foods
In any animal, fruit or vegetable(chicken, meat, spinach, bananas)
51
Proteins Foods
Eggs Meat Oats
52
Experimental Group
The group that is being experimented on
53
Living things obtain and use materials and energy
They obtain energy from energy sources, and use it to grow and develop
54
Living things respond to their environment
They detect and respond to stimuli from their environment
55
Living things based on an universal genetic code
They store genetic information which is passed down from parents to offspring
56
living things reproduce
They reproduce new similar organisms
57
Living things evolve
Groups of organisms change through time, giving rise to new species
58
Living things grow and develop
They increase in size and differentiate their cells and begin to look different from one another to perform different functions
59
Living things maintain a stable internal environment
They keep their internal environment almost the same, even when external conditions change
60
Living things are made up of cells
Organisms are composed of one or more cells, smallest unit considered life
61
Sexual Number of Parents
2
62
Sexual Eggs and Sperm (yes/no)
Yes
63
Sexual Offspring Different or Identical
Different
64
Asexual Number of Parents
1
65
Asexual Eggs and Sperm (yes/no)
No
66
Asexual Offspring Different or Identical
Identical
67
Atomic Number
Weight of protons
68
Number of Electrons
Same as the number of protons
69
Mass Number
Number of protons and nuetrons
70
Number of Neutrons
Mass - Atomic number
71
The protons of an Element________ Changes
Never
72
Protons Location
Inside the nucleus
73
Neutrons Location
Inside the nucleus
74
Electrons Location
Around the nucleus
75
Protons Charge
Positive
76
Neutrons Charge
Neutral
77
Electrons Charge
Negative
78
How many electrons go around the first, second and third ring
First-2 Second-4 Third-8
79
Element box order
Atomic Number Atom Symbol Atomic Mass
80
What is an Ion?
A atom or molecule that as a uneven amount of electrons and protons
81
What charge will an atom have if it loses electron
Positive because the number of protons is greater than the number of electrons
82
What charge would an atom have if it shares electrons
Neutral because there is no charge
83
What are isotopes
Same elements with different numbers of neutrons
84
What is a chemical bond
A lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds
85
What are enzymes
They speed up the rate of chemical reactions

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