Western Civilization Ch.1 Quiz Flashcards
(37 cards)
Define Western Civilization
a term used very broadly to refer to a heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems and specific artifacts and technologies that have some origin or association with Europe.
Identify “The West”
Ancient Greece is considered the birthplace of many elements of Western culture, with the world’s first democratic system of government and major advances in philosophy, science and mathematics.
Describe Characteristics of the Modern Western World
- )Liberal Democracy
- )Economic Liberalism
- )Christianity
- )Separation of Church and State
- )Progress
- )Human rights and guaranteed civil liberties
List of all countries that are considered a part of “Western Civilization” today
Europe
US
Canada
Australia
Liberal Democracy
A liberal political ideology and a form of government in which representative democracy operates under the principles of classical liberalism.
Economic Liberalism
An economic system organized on individual lines, meaning that the greatest possible number of economic decisions are made by individuals or households rather than by collective institutions or organizations
Christianity
Christians generally believe Jesus to be God the Son, the second person of the Trinity. It is a monotheistic religion, meaning it has only one God.
Separation of Church and State
A philosophic and jurisprudential concept for defining political distance in the relationship between religious organizations and the nation state
Progress
forward or onward movement toward a destination.
Human rights and guaranteed civil liberties
freedoms guaranteed to us by the Constitution to protect us from tyranny (think: our freedom of speech), while civil rights are the legal rights
Define Liberal Democracy
A political ideology and a form of government in which representative democracy operates under the principles of classical liberalism
Identify Characteristics of Democracies
- )Separation of powers into different branches of government,
- )The rule of law in everyday life as part of an open society
- )Equal protection of human rights, civil rights, civil liberties and political freedoms for all people
Describe events contributing to the development of Liberal Democracy
Magna Carta Petition of Right Habeas Corpus Act Putney Debates The English Civil Wars The Glorious Revolution The English Bill of Rights The American Revolution The U.S. Bill of Rights The French Revolution
Magna Carta
June 15, 1215, a charter of liberties to which the English barons forced King John to give his assent at Runnymede, it established the principle that everyone is subject to the law
Petition of Right
statement of civil liberties sent by the English Parliament to Charles I . Refusal by Parliament to finance the king’s unpopular foreign policy had caused his government to exact forced loans and to quarter troops in subjects’ houses as an economy measure.
Habeas Corpus Act
The Habeas Corpus Act of 1679, was passed during the reign of the restored monarchy of Charles II after the English Civil War. It strengthened the ancient and powerful writ which had been a feature of English Common Law since before Magna Carta.
Putney Debates
November 1647, a series of discussions between factions of the New Model Army and the Levellers concerning a new constitution for England
The English Civil Wars
August 22, 1642- September 3, 1651, civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles 1, and it ended the notion of the divine right of the kings and laid the groundwork for the modern UK parliament and monarchy
The Glorious Revolution
1688 to 1689, the November 1688 deposition and subsequent replacement of James II and VII as ruler of England, Scotland and Ireland.
The English Bill of Rights
1689, a landmark Act in the constitutional law of England that sets out certain basic civil rights and clarifies who would be next to inherit the Crown
The American Revolution
The American Revolution was a colonial revolt which occurred between 1765 and 1783. The American Patriots in the Thirteen Colonies defeated the British in the American Revolutionary War with the assistance of France, winning independence from Great Britain and establishing the United States of America.
The U.S. Bill of Rights
it is the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution. December 15, 1791. It gave us rights and liberties of the people.
The French Revolution
The French Revolution began in 1789 and was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies.
Define Economic Liberalism (capitalism)
An economic system organized on individual lines, which means the greatest possible number of economic decisions are made by individuals or households then by collective institutions or organizations
