Biology Midterm Review

Question 1

What are the elements in Carbs?

Answer 1

CHO

Question 2

What is the ratio of CHO in carbs?

Answer 2

1:2:1

Question 3

What are carbs used for?

Answer 3

Quick energy and Structure

Question 4

Examples of carbs

Answer 4

Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose

Question 5

Name the four main polysaccharides for carbs

Answer 5

Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
Chitin

Question 6

What are the elements of Lipids?

Answer 6

CHO(P)

Question 7

What is the ratio of CHO in lipids?

Answer 7

1:2:few

Question 8

What are lipids main functions?

Answer 8

Store energy, structure, hormones, and Insulation

Question 9

What type of macromolecule does a Fatty Acid Fall under?

Answer 9

Lipids

Question 10

What are fatty acids used for?

Answer 10

energy or structue

Question 10

Are Saturated fats solid or liquid at room temp.

Answer 10

SOLID

Question 11

What kind of fat increases risk of heart disease?

Answer 11

Saturated

Question 12

What does a saturated fat look like? (straight or sad)

Answer 12

Straight

Question 13

What kind of fat is liquid at room temp?

Answer 13

Unsaturated Fats

Question 14

What do triglycerides do?

Answer 14

Provide long term energy storage

Question 15

What makes up the cell membrane?

Answer 15

Phospholipid

Question 16

Are phospholipids polar or nonpolar?

Answer 16

Polar

Question 17

Are phospholipid heads or tails polar?

Answer 17

Head

Question 18

What does polar mean

Answer 18

WATERLOVING

Question 19

What does nonpolar mean?

Answer 19

WATER FEARING

Question 20

Is testosterone male or female?

Answer 20

Male

Question 21

What kind of macromolecule is a hormone

Answer 21

lipid

Question 22

What are the elements in a preotein?

Answer 22

CHON (S)

Question 23

What are the main functions of proteins?

Answer 23

Transport, structural support, cell to cell communication and they control chemical reactions

Question 24

An Amino Acid is a simple form of aq ________

Answer 24

protein

Question 25

H H O l l ll H -- N -- C -- C -- OH l R WHAT IS THIS?

Answer 25

An amino acid (protein)

Question 26

What is dehydration synthesis

Answer 26

the removal of water from monomers to create polymers

Question 27

What are the elements of nucleic acids?

Answer 27

CHONP

Question 28

What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?

Answer 28

Nucleotide

Question 29

What is the main function of a nucleic acid?

Answer 29

To store and transmit genetic info

Question 30

What are the end goals of mitosis?

Answer 30

-to make more cells to help us grow -to repair tissue

Question 31

In prophase DNA is in the form of ______________

Answer 31

Chromatin which is then turned into chromosomes

Question 32

What phase of PMAT is this? -microtubules of spindle apparatus attach to centromeres and chomosomes align in the middle of the cells

Answer 32

metaphase

Question 33

What phase of PMAT is this? -Microtubules shorten, moving sister chromatids to the opposite poles

Answer 33

Anaphase

Question 34

What phase of PMAT is this? -Chromosomes reach the poles and decondense to chromatin -Nuclear membrane and nucleolus reform

Answer 34

Telophase

Question 35

What phase of PMAT is this? -Spindle forms -nucleolus disappears -nuclear membrane disentegrates

Answer 35

Prohphase

Question 36

When is the DNA replicated?

Answer 36

During S phase

Question 37

What is the result of mitosis of one diploid cell?

Answer 37

Two identical diploid cells

Question 38

Durian has a diploid chromosome number of 56. When cells of the durian fruit undergo mitosis, how many chromosomes are found in each daughter cell?

Answer 38

56

Question 39

What do ionic bonds do?

Answer 39

Transfer or donate electrons

Question 40

What do covalent bonds do?

Answer 40

Share electrons

Question 41

Polar Covalent Bonds

Answer 41

unequal sharing of electrons (pull)

Question 42

Nonpolar covalent bonds

Answer 42

equal electron sharing (no pull)

Question 43

What macromolecule is cholosterol?

Answer 43

A lipid

Question 44

What does Helicase do?

Answer 44

opens the DNA double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases

Question 45

What does DNA polymerase do?

Answer 45

Adds nucleotides to the replicating 5'3'strand

Question 46

What does ligase do>?

Answer 46

connects the ends of DNA

Question 47

What do organic bonds contain?

Answer 47

CARBONWh

Question 48

at do inorganic bonds NOT contain?

Answer 48

Carbon

Question 49

What did Fredrick griffith do?

Answer 49

mice experiment

Question 50

What did Hershey and Chase discover?

Answer 50

Bacteriophage stuff

Question 51

What did Rosalind Franklin do?

Answer 51

X ray diffraction to discover that Dna is a double helix

Question 52

Who stole the double Helix idea from Rosalind?

Answer 52

Watson and Crick

Question 53

What is a hypertonic solution?

Answer 53

The concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cells is greater than INSIDE the cell

Question 54

WHat is a Hypotonic solution?

Answer 54

concentration of solute molecules in the enviroment OUTSIDE the cell is LOWER than enviroment inside the cell