Biology Organisation Pt 2 Plants

Question 1

What is photosynthesis

Answer 1

The process which plants use sunlight water and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form glucose

Question 2

What 3 things do plants need for photosynthesis

Answer 2

1. Carbon dioxide
   2.water
   3.light

Question 3

What do plants make by photosynthesis

Answer 3

Glucose +oxygen

Question 4

What is the word equation for photosynthesis

Answer 4

Carbon dioxide + water reacts to make glucose and oxygen

Question 5

What is a chloroplast

Answer 5

Found in a plant cell and is responsible for photosynthesis

Question 6

What do chloroplasts contain

Answer 6

Green substance chlorophyll that traps light energy to make food durning photosynthesis

Question 7

What does a cell wall do

Answer 7

Provides support and prevents the cell from bursting of water

Question 8

What is a cell membrane

Answer 8

Surrounds the cell that controls the entry and exits of materials

Question 9

Nucleus

Answer 9

Control centre of the cell and holds dna

Question 10

What is a cytoplasm

Answer 10

A living substance inside a cell where reactions happen

Question 11

What is a vacuole

Answer 11

Space within the cytoplasm of plant cells that contain cell sap

Question 12

What does the stoma/stomata allow

Answer 12

Carbon dioxide and oxygen to diffuse out the leaf

Question 13

What do guard cells do

Answer 13

Open and close the stoma

Question 14

Why are leaves thin

Answer 14

Provides a short distance of carbon dioxide to diffuse out the leaf

Question 15

What is the first layer on a leaf structure called

Answer 15

Waxy cuticle

Question 16

What is the second layer in a structure of the leaf

Answer 16

Upper epidermis

Question 17

What is the third layer in a leaf structure called

Answer 17

Palisade layer

Question 18

In the palisade layer how are they set out

Answer 18

Tighty packed

Question 19

What is the fourth layer in the leaf structure called

Answer 19

Spongy mesophyll

Question 20

What is the lower layer in the structure of a leaf called

Answer 20

Lower epidermis layer

Question 21

If you add iodine to a leaf after boiling it in ethanol what colour will it turn if Starch is present (required practical)

Answer 21

Blue/black colour

Question 22

How do you remove chlorophyll from a leaf (required practical )

Answer 22

Boil it in ethanol

Question 23

Required practical testing for starch- what are the 4 steps

Answer 23

1. Place the leaf in boiling water for 30 seconds
2. Place the leaf in boiling ethanol
3. Dip the leaf in water
4. Put the leaf on a white tile and add iodine to test for starch

Question 24

2 plant adaptations

Answer 24

1. Drip tips
2. Waxy surfaces
   Allow water to drain away quickly

Question 25

How do stems and roots transport substances around?

Answer 25

Xylem-water and minerals- Phloem-sugar and amino acids-

Question 26

What is transpiration

Answer 26

Process of water movement through a plant Example- a plant opens the stoma to let in carbon dioxide then the water on the surface of the spongy mesophyll evaporate and diffuses out of the leaf

Question 27

What 4 factors effect transpiration

Answer 27

1. Temperature inc 2. Air movement inc 3. Humidity dec 4. Light intensity

Question 28

What does an increase in temperature do

Answer 28

Increase evapouration so higher rate of diffusion

Question 29

What does a decrease in humidity do

Answer 29

Reduces concerntration of water molecules out of the leaf

Question 30

What does an increase in air movement do

Answer 30

Removes water vapour from outside of the leaf

Question 31

What does a increase in light intensity do

Answer 31

Increase the number of open stomata’s