Biology organisation Pt1- Body

Question 1

What is the pathway of air?

Answer 1

Nose, mouth, trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchiole ,alveoli

Question 2

What is breathing

Answer 2

The physical process of inhaling and exhaling air in and out the lungs

Question 3

What is respiration ?

Answer 3

Chemical reaction that occurs in all living cells releasing energy from glucose

Question 4

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 4

Uses oxygen

Question 5

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 5

Glucose + oxygen reacts to make carbon dioxide +water

Question 6

What is anaerobic respiration

Answer 6

Uses no oxygen , takes place in muscle and yeast cells

Question 7

When does anaerobic respiration occur in muscle cells?

Answer 7

During hard exercise

Question 8

Equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles

Answer 8

Glucose reacts to make lactic acid + energy

Question 9

When does anaerobic respiration in yeast cells take place?

Answer 9

When brewing and bread making

Question 10

What is the Equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast cells

Answer 10

Glucose reacts to make ethanol+carbon dioxide +energy

Question 11

What are the intercostal muscles and diaphragm used for?

Answer 11

To allow air to move in and out the lungs

Question 12

What is breathing effected by?

Answer 12

Mood, exercise, excitement, fever, stress

Question 13

What is digestion

Answer 13

The breaking down of food we eat into another substance that our bodies can absorb to use

Question 14

After we swallow where does our food go?

Answer 14

Oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Question 15

Where is amylase produced in the body

Answer 15

Pancreas, salivary glands

Question 16

Where is lipase found in the body?

Answer 16

Pancreas, mouth , stomach

Question 17

Where is protease found in the body

Answer 17

Pancreas, Stomach, small intestine

Question 18

What does blood do

Answer 18

Transports materials and heat around the body to help protect against disease

Question 19

What does blood contain

Answer 19

Plasma , red and white blood cells, platelets

Question 20

Name 2 characteristics of plasma

Answer 20

Straw coloured , mainly water

Question 21

What does plasma do 2 things

Answer 21

Transports carbon dioxide , digests food, urea, hormones and heat

Question 22

3 characteristics of red blood cells

Answer 22

Contains haemoglobin( red protein that combines with oxygen), no nucleus, small and flexible to fit through blood vessels

Question 23

What is a job of a red blood cell

Answer 23

To transport oxygen

Question 24

4 characteristics of a white blood cell

Answer 24

Larger then red blood cells, has a nucleus, defends the body by fighting germs that cause disease, produce chemicals called an antibody- that attacks germs and poison they make

Question 25

What do platelets do

Answer 25

Stop bleeding if your skin is cut

Question 26

What does alveoli give to the lungs

Answer 26

a massive surface area for diffusion of gases

Question 27

What is the pathway of blood in the circulatory system

Answer 27

vena cava , right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle , pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium , bicuspid valve, left ventricle, semi luna valve, aorta, body

Question 28

Where do arteries carry blood

Answer 28

away from the heart

Question 29

Where do veins carry blood

Answer 29

into the heart

Question 30

What type of blood does the artery carry away from the heart

Answer 30

oxygenated blood

Question 31

2 characteristics of an artery

Answer 31

have a thick muscular wall and blood flows quickly

Question 32

What type of blood does veins carry to the heart

Answer 32

deoxygenated blood

Question 33

4 characteristics of a vein

Answer 33

1.have thin walls because of low presssure blood 2. large passage way 3. blood flows slowly 4. have valves

Question 34

How big is a capillary

Answer 34

one cell thick

Question 35

Does gas exchange take place at the capillary

Answer 35

yes - oxygen passes through the thin capillary wall into the tissues

Question 36

What is coronary heart disease

Answer 36

when your hearts blood supply is blocked

Question 37

3 risks of developing coronary heart disease

Answer 37

1. smoking 2.poor diet 3.lack of exercise

Question 38

What are the 2 types of white blood cells

Answer 38

1.lymphocytes - produce chemicals which help fight injections 2. Phagocytes - 1 per cent of our blood

Question 39

Why is the left side of the heart bigger

Answer 39

Pumps blood a further distance and more forcefully to reach the body

Question 40

How many chambers does the heart have

Answer 40

4

Question 41

What side of the heart pumps to the body

Answer 41

Left- carrying oxygenated blood

Question 42

What side of the body pumps to the lungs

Answer 42

Right - carrying deoxygenated blood