Biology topic 1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
what is the role of the cell membrane
the cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell it also holds the cell together
what is the function of the egg cell
the main function of the egg is to carry the female DNA and to nourish the developing embryo in the early stages
what is the function of a sperm cell
the function of a sperm cell is to transport the male’s DNA to the female’s egg
what is the role of the ciliated epithelial cells
the function of the ciliated epithelial cells is to move substances along the surface of tissue
give 3 examples of specialised cells
sperm cell egg cell ciliated epithelial cell
what is the role of the mitochondria
the mitochondria is where most reactions for respiration happen
list all the organelles found in a plant cell
cell wall large vacuole chloroplasts cell membrane mitochondria cytoplasm nucleus ribosomes
list all the organelles found in an animal cell
nucleus cytoplasm cell membrane mitochondria ribosomes
how is a sperm cell adapted to it’s function
has a long tail to swim to the egg has lots of mitochondria to provide energy has an awesome which stores enzyme to digest it’s way through the membrane of the egg
how is the egg cell adapted to it’s function
has a haploid nucleus contains nutrients in the cytoplasm straight after fertilisation the membrane changes structure to stop more sperm from entering
what are enzymes
enzymes are biological catalysts produced by living things
what does an enzyme bind to
substrate
where do they bind
the active site of an enzyme
what 3 conditions affect the rate world reaction involving enzymes
substrate concentration ph level and temperature
what does it mean for an enzyme to be denatured
the active site has changed so the enzyme can no longer bind to an enzyme
which enzyme catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose
amylase
which enzyme breaks down protein to form amino acids
protease
which enzyme converts lipids into glycerol and fatty acids
lipase
why does diffusion happen in liquids and gasses
diffusion happens in liquids and gasses because the particles in them are free to move randomly throughout the substance
what is diffusion
the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
what is osmosis
osmosis is the net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration
what is active transport
the movement of particles across a membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using energy transferred from respiration
