Biology topic 2

Question 1

list the stages of mitosis in order

Answer 1

interpahse ,prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

Question 2

what happens in the interpahse

Answer 2

before it divides the cell has to grow to increase the amount of subcellular structure . it then duplicates it’s DNA so that there is a copy for each new cell. the DNA isncopoed and forms x shaped chromosomes

Question 3

what happens in the prophase

Answer 3

the membrane around the nucleus breaks down and the chromosomes lie free in the cytoplasm

Question 4

what happens in metaphase

Answer 4

the chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell

Question 5

what happens in anaphase

Answer 5

spindle fibres pull chromosomes apart and the the chromatids are pupled to opposite ends of the cell

Question 6

what happens in telophase

Answer 6

membranes form around each of the sets of chromosomes these form the nuclei of the two new cells

Question 7

what happens in cytokinesis

Answer 7

the cell membrane and cytoplasm divide to form to separate cells

Question 8

define cell differentiation

Answer 8

the process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job. having specialised cells allows multicellular organisms to work more efficiently

Question 9

define cell division

Answer 9

cell division Is undergone by mitosis

Question 10

define cell elongation

Answer 10

where plant cells expand making them bigger which in turn causes the plant to grow

Question 11

how is cancer developed

Answer 11

cancer is developed by uncontrollable division of cells. this is normally due to a change in gene that controls cell division

Question 12

what are undifferentiated cells called

Answer 12

stem cells

Question 13

where are stem cells found

Answer 13

stem cells are found in human embryos and bone marrow

Question 14

what are adult stem cells used for in aninal cells

Answer 14

used to replace damaged cells e.g. skin or blood cells