Biology unit test #2

Question 1

Levels of heredity, how Chromosomes, genes, DNA and sugar/phosphate/base pairs are related

Answer 1

Chromosomes are made up of both genes and DNA

Genes are segments of DNA

DNA- determines your traits by using base pairs A,T. C,G.

Question 2

Human genetic makeup (# chromosomes/pairs) in human cells

Answer 2

Humans typically contain 46 chromosomes (23 for each parent)
Females have XX chromosomes while males have XY

Question 3

DNA, structure, what is it made up of, how do the base pairs pair up

Answer 3

DNA is made up of nucleotide and base pairs that hold the two DNA strands together to create a double helix

Question 4

what are the 4 base pairs

Answer 4

Adenine goes with Thymine
Cytosine goes with guanine

Question 5

4 differences of mitosis and meiosis

Answer 5

Crossing over happens in meiosis, not mitosis
mitosis occurs in somatic cells while meiosis occurs in germ cells
Mitosis involves one cell division while meiosis has 2
mitosis produces 2 daughter cells while meiosis produces 4

Question 6

meiosis phases

Answer 6

prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I

Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II

Question 7

prophase I

Answer 7

when the chromosomes do a genetic exchange and cross over

Question 8

Metaphase I

Answer 8

chromosomes in the middle of the cell (pairs)

Question 9

Anaphase I

Answer 9

chromosomes pulled away by spindle fibers

Question 10

Telophase I

Answer 10

two newly formed nuclei

Question 11

Prophase II

Answer 11

spindles start to form

Question 12

Metaphase II

Answer 12

chromosomes align in the middle (no pairs)

Question 13

Anaphase II

Answer 13

Chromotids pulled away from spindle fibres

Question 14

Telophase II

Answer 14

nuclei forming and 2 cells divided

Question 15

Mendelian Genetics - Principles of Heredity (There are three of them

Answer 15

law of dominance - the organism will demonstrate the dominant trait

law of segregation- gene separate so each parent can only pass on one to offspring

independent assortment- different genes can segregate independently and distribute indipenditily

Question 16

Information about blood types, antigens, antibodies, donation of blood

Answer 16

O is donor to anyone but csan onyl recieve type O

A is donor to A and AB but can only recieve from A and O

B donro to B and AB , recuve from B and O

AB donor too AB but can recieve from A,B, AB, O