biology1 Flashcards
(47 cards)
What is the basic unit of life?
The cell.
True or False: All cells have a nucleus.
False.
What organelle is responsible for energy production?
Mitochondria.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is a semi-permeable membrane surrounding the cell.
cell membrane.
Which structure is involved in protein synthesis?
Ribosomes.
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
To synthesize proteins and lipids.
What term describes the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
Diffusion.
True or False: Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
True.
What type of transport requires energy?
Active transport.
What is the purpose of the Golgi apparatus?
To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids.
Define mitosis.
The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells.
What phase comes after metaphase in mitosis?
Anaphase.
What is the main function of lysosomes?
To digest waste materials and cellular debris.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the control center of the cell.
nucleus.
True or False: Eukaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles.
False.
Which process involves the division of the cytoplasm?
Cytokinesis.
What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?
To act as catalysts that speed up reactions.
What is the term for the specific region on an enzyme where substrate binds?
Active site.
What is the primary structure of proteins?
A sequence of amino acids.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for maintaining the cell’s shape and structure.
cytoskeleton.
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; eukaryotic cells have them.
True or False: Enzymes are consumed during the reactions they catalyze.
False.
What is the process by which cells become specialized for specific functions?
Cell differentiation.
Name the organelle that stores genetic information.
Nucleus.
