Chem 2

Question 1

What is quantitative chemistry?

Answer 1

The branch of chemistry that deals with the measurement of quantities of substances involved in chemical reactions.

Question 2

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 2

In a chemical reaction, mass is neither created nor destroyed.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: In a balanced chemical equation, the number of _____ of each element is the same on both sides.

Answer 3

atoms

Question 4

True or False: Metals typically react with acids to produce hydrogen gas.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What is the general reaction between a metal and an acid?

Answer 5

Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen gas

Question 6

Which metal does not react with dilute acids?

Answer 6

Gold

Question 7

What is electrolysis?

Answer 7

The process of using electricity to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction.

Question 8

What is produced at the anode during electrolysis?

Answer 8

Oxidation occurs, and oxygen or another non-metal is produced.

Question 9

What is produced at the cathode during electrolysis?

Answer 9

Reduction occurs, and hydrogen or a metal is produced.

Question 10

True or False: Electrolysis can be used to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What is the role of the electrolyte in electrolysis?

Answer 11

It conducts electricity and allows the movement of ions.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The energy change in a chemical reaction is often measured in _____ or _____ per mole.

Answer 12

kilojoules, calories

Question 13

What is an exothermic reaction?

Answer 13

A reaction that releases energy, usually in the form of heat.

Question 14

What is an endothermic reaction?

Answer 14

A reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings.

Question 15

Multiple choice: Which of the following is an example of an exothermic reaction? A) Photosynthesis B) Combustion C) Electrolysis

Answer 15

B) Combustion

Question 16

What factor can affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 16

Concentration, temperature, surface area, and presence of a catalyst.

Question 17

True or False: A catalyst is consumed in a chemical reaction.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

What is the pH range of acids?

Answer 18

0 to 7

Question 19

What is the pH range of bases?

Answer 19

7 to 14

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The reaction of an acid with a base produces _____ and water.

Answer 20

salt

Question 21

What is the formula for calculating moles?

Answer 21

Moles = Mass (g) / Molar Mass (g/mol)

Question 22

What is molarity?

Answer 22

The number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Question 23

True or False: Dilute acids have a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than concentrated acids.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

What type of reaction occurs when a metal reacts with oxygen?

Answer 24

Combustion reaction

Question 25

What is the standard state of a substance?

Answer 25

The physical state of a substance under standard conditions (1 atm pressure and 25°C).

Question 26

Multiple choice: Which of the following metals is the most reactive? A) Gold B) Sodium C) Iron

Answer 26

B) Sodium

Question 27

What is the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride used for?

Answer 27

To produce sodium metal and chlorine gas.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The energy required to break bonds in reactants is called _____ energy.

Answer 28

activation

Question 29

What is a redox reaction?

Answer 29

A reaction that involves the transfer of electrons between two species.

Question 30

True or False: In a redox reaction, one species is oxidized while another is reduced.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What does the term 'oxidation state' refer to?

Answer 31

The hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all bonds were ionic.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: An acid that completely dissociates in solution is called a _____ acid.

Answer 32

strong

Question 33

What is the formula for calculating the energy change during a reaction?

Answer 33

Energy change = Energy of products - Energy of reactants

Question 34

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a property of acids? A) Sour taste B) Slippery feel C) React with metals

Answer 34

B) Slippery feel

Question 35

What is the purpose of using a salt bridge in electrochemistry?

Answer 35

To maintain electrical neutrality by allowing the flow of ions.