biomechanical principles Flashcards
(17 cards)
principle #1
stability
how do you increase stability (4)
-lower CofG
-increase base of support
-get line of gravity closer to centre of base of support
-increase mass
what is line of gravity
line which passes through the CofG then towards centre of the earth
what is principle #2
maximum force/effort
-production requires the use of all possible joint moevments
what is simultaneous movement
explosion of all the joints at once to produce max. force
what is principle #3 and alternative name
maximum velocity
max velocity requires use of all joints from largest to smallest sequentially (continuity of joint forces)
what is momentum
amount of motion an athlete or object has developed
what is impulse
change in momentum
-the application of force over a segment of time that results in change in motion
principle #4
the greater the applied impulse the increase in velocity
what happens during collisions
an object experiences a force for a given amount of time that results in its mass undergoing a change in velocity
what is absorption of force and how to increase it
*impulse in reverse
-increase time of absorption
-increase distance over which force is absorbed
what is principle #5
equal and opposite aka newton’s 3rd
-momentum occurs in the direction opposite the applied force
what is streamlining
minimizing the surface area of an object in order to minimize forces like water or air that oppose movement
ex: making athlete smooth as possible
what is principle #6
torque
-the produce angular motion, the applied force must be applied away from the axis of rotation to produce movement
describe internal and external rotation
internal-within joints
external- rotating about an axis
what is principle #7
angular momentum
–> is constant when an athlete or object is in the air
how to increase spin rate
*after take off, angular motion is constant
-changes in body position may result in changes in location of mass of the body in comparison to the axis of rotation
