Biomechanics

Question 1

Force definition

Answer 1

A push or pull that alters the state of motion of an object

Question 2

Force unit

Answer 2

Newtons (N)

Question 3

N1L

Answer 3

Law of inertia - the tendency for an object to remain stationary or in motion until acted upon by a non-zero resultant force

Question 4

N2L

Answer 4

Law of Acceleration - F = ma
Rate of acceleration is directly proportional to force applied and inversely proportional to mass

Question 5

N3L

Answer 5

Law of Reaction
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 6

Weight definition

Answer 6

Gravitational pull related to a body’s mass

Question 7

Weight formula

Answer 7

Weight = mass * acceleration due to gravity

Question 8

Weight unit

Answer 8

Newtons (N)

Question 9

Reaction force definition

Answer 9

The equal and opposite force of the floor onto the body in response to gravity

Question 10

Friction definition

Answer 10

A force that opposes the motion of two surfaces in contact as they slide over one another - acts in the opposite direction to motion

Question 11

Air resistance definition

Answer 11

The force that opposes the motion of a body travelling through the air

Question 12

Centre of Mass definition

Answer 12

The point at which a body is balanced in all directions - the point from which a body’s weight appears to act from

Question 13

Stability

Answer 13

Ability of a body to resist motion and remain at rest, ability to withstand external forces.

Question 14

Factors improving stability

Answer 14

Low centre of mass
Wide base of support
Line of gravity going through centre of base of support
More points of contact

Question 15

Distance definition

Answer 15

Total length of a path covered

Question 16

Distance unit

Answer 16

Metres (m)

Question 17

Displacement definition

Answer 17

Shortest distance (vector)

Question 18

Displacement unit

Answer 18

Metres (m)

Question 19

Linear motion

Answer 19

The movement of a body in a straight or curved line where all parts move the same direction over the same time

Question 20

Velocity definition

Answer 20

Rate of change of displacement

Question 21

Velocity equation

Answer 21

displacement/time

Question 22

Velocity unit

Answer 22

ms^-1

Question 23

Speed definition

Answer 23

Rate of change of distance

Question 24

Speed equation

Answer 24

distance/time

Question 25

Speed unit

Answer 25

ms^-1

Question 26

Momentum definition

Answer 26

Quantity of motion possessed by a moving body

Question 27

Momentum equation

Answer 27

mass*velocity

Question 28

Momentum unit

Answer 28

kg ms^-1

Question 29

Acceleration definition

Answer 29

rate of change of velocity

Question 30

Acceleration equation

Answer 30

a = (v-u)/t

Question 31

Acceleration unit

Answer 31

ms^-2

Question 32

Angular motion

Answer 32

The movement of a body or part of a body in a circular path around an axis of rotation

Question 33

Angular velocity definition

Answer 33

Rate of change in angular displacement

Question 34

Angular velocity equation

Answer 34

angular velocity = angular displacement/time

Question 35

Angular velocity unit

Answer 35

rads^-1

Question 36

Moment of inertia definition

Answer 36

The resistance of a body to change it's state of angular motion or rotation

Question 37

Moment of inertia equation

Answer 37

I = sum of (mass x distribution of mass from axis of rotation^2 ) I = angular momentum/angular velocity I = ∑mr^2 ​I=∫r^2 dm

Question 38

Moment of inertia unit

Answer 38

kgm^2

Question 39

Angular momentum definition

Answer 39

The quantity of angular motion possessed by abpdy

Question 40

Angular momentum equation

Answer 40

moment of inertia * angular velocity

Question 41

Angular momentum unit

Answer 41

kgm^2 rads^-1

Question 42

1st class lever order

Answer 42

fulcrum in the middle

Question 43

1st class level mechanical advantage

Answer 43

Sometimes

Question 44

2nd class lever order

Answer 44

Load in the middle

Question 45

2nd class lever mechanical advantage

Answer 45

Always

Question 46

3rd class lever order

Answer 46

Effort in the middle

Question 47

3rd class lever mechanical advantage

Answer 47

Never

Question 48

Mechanical advantage definition

Answer 48

Large load can be lifted with relatively little effort (effort arm is longer than load arm)

Question 49

Limb kinematics definition

Answer 49

The study of motion in relation to time and space. A 3D image will be created allowing joint and limb efficiency to be evaluated

Question 50

Force plates

Answer 50

Ground reaction forces can be measured in lab conditions using force plates. Data can be collected from an athlete placing their foot on the plate to analyse pressure (can also calculate verticals)

Question 51

Wind tunnels

Answer 51

Used to analyse the amount of air resistance an object is creating whilst in motion

Question 52

Longitudinal axis

Answer 52

Runs from head to toe

Question 53

Transverse axis

Answer 53

Runs left to right through COM

Question 54

Frontal axis

Answer 54

Run front to back through COM

Question 55

Transverse plane

Answer 55

Divides into top and lower half

Question 56

Sagittal plane

Answer 56

Divides into right and left halves

Question 57

Frontal plane

Answer 57

Divides into front and back halves