Biomechanics Flashcards
(19 cards)
Projectile Motion Factors
- Angle of Release: Determines trajectory.
- Velocity: Influences distance.
- Height of Release: Affects travel distance.
Balance & Stability
- Base of Support: Wider base = more stability.
- Centre of Gravity: Lower = better control.
- Line of Gravity: Must remain inside base.
Newton’s Laws in Sport 1st Law
Objects resist motion change (e.g., sprinter in starting blocks).
Newton’s Laws in Sport 2nd law
Greater force = greater acceleration (e.g., pushing off in a sprint).
Newton’s Laws in Sport 3rd law
Equal and opposite reaction (e.g., jumping—ground pushes back).
Linear Motion - distance
Total length traveled from start to finish.
Linear Motion - displacement
Straight-line measurement from starting to ending position
Linear Motion - speed
- Measure of distance covered per unit of time.
- Formula: Speed = Distance ÷ Time.
- Indicates how quickly an object moves.
Linear Motion - velocity
- Speed with direction.
- Formula: Velocity = Displacement ÷ Time.
- A change in velocity occurs through shifts in speed, direction, or both.
Linear Motion - acceleration
The rate at which velocity changes over time.
Angular Distance
Sum of all angles moved during motion.
Angular Displacement
Difference in the angle from start to finish position.
Angular Speed
Formula: Speed = Angular Distance ÷ Time.
Angular Velocity
- Formula: Velocity = Angular Displacement ÷ Time.
- Describes rotational movement over time.
Angular motion - Application in Striking Sports
Athletes maximize angular displacement while minimizing time to increase angular speed/velocity for more powerful and effective strikes.
Linear motion
movement is linear but objects move through a curved trajectory, an example of this in soccer is the ball when its being shot at goal
Angular motion
all the parts of the body move through a rotational pathway, through the same angle, in the same direction at the same time. An example of this in soccer is the swinging back of the leg when kicking a soccer ball
General motion
combination of linear and angular motion. An example of this in soccer is running throughout the game
types of linear acceleration
o Positive acceleration: Increasing velocity.
o Negative acceleration: Decreasing velocity.
o Zero acceleration: No change in velocity.
o Gravity acceleration: 9.8 m/s² (falling), -9.8 m/s² (pushing against gravity).
