Biomechanics

Question 1

Force

Answer 1

a push or pull that alters the state of motion

Question 2

Inertia

Answer 2

Inertia - the resistance of a body to change it’s state of motion, whether at rest or while moving

Question 3

Velocity

Answer 3

Velocity - the rate of change in displacement.

Question 4

Momentum

Answer 4

Momentum - the quantity of motion possessed by a moving body. momentum = mass x velocity

Question 5

Acceleration

Answer 5

Acceleration - the rate of change in velocity. Acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity)/time

Question 6

Net force

Answer 6

Net force - the sum of all forces acting on a body, also termed resultant force. It is the overall force acting on a body when all individual forces have been considered

Question 7

Weight

Answer 7

Weight - the gravitational pull that the earth exerts on a body. weight = mass x acceleration due to gravity

Question 8

Reaction

Answer 8

Reaction - the equal and opposite force exerted by a body in response to the action force placed upon it

Question 9

Friction

Answer 9

Friction - the force that opposes the motion of two surfaces in contact

Question 10

Air resistance

Answer 10

Air resistance - the force that opposes the motion through the air

Question 11

Streamlining

Answer 11

Streamlining - the creation of smooth air flow around an aerodynamic shape to minimise air resistance

Question 12

Balanced forces

Answer 12

balance forces - these occur when two or more forces acting on a body are equal in size and opposite in direction. no net force will be present

Question 13

Unbalanced forces

Answer 13

unbalanced forces- these occur when two forces are unequal in size or opposite in direction. A net force will be present and the body will change it’s state of motion, either accelerating or decelerating

Question 14

Centre of mass

Answer 14

Centre of mass - the point at which a body is balanced in all directions; the point from which weight appears to act

Question 15

Mechanical advantage

Answer 15

Mechanical advantage - second-class lever systems where the effort arm is greater than the load arm. A large load can be moved with a relatively small effort

Question 16

Mechanical disadvantage

Answer 16

Mechanical disadvantage - third-class lever systems where the load arm is greater than the effort arm. A large effort is required to move a relatively small load

Question 17

Linear motion

Answer 17

Linear motion - movement of a body in a straight or curved line, where all parts move the same distance, in the same direction over the same time

Question 18

Direct force

Answer 18

Direct force - a force applied through the centre of mass resulting in linear motion

Question 19

Stability

Answer 19

Stability - the ability of a body to resist motion and remain at rest, or for a body to withstand a force applied and return to it’s original position without damage

Question 20

Distance

Answer 20

The total length covered from start to finish positions

Question 21

Displacement

Answer 21

The shortest straight-line route from start to finish

Question 22

Speed

Answer 22

The rate of change in distance

Question 23

Acceleration

Answer 23

The rate of change in velocity

Question 24

Angular motion

Answer 24

Movement of a body in a circular path about an axis of rotation

Question 25

Torque

Answer 25

A turning rotational force (eccentric force)

Question 26

Longitudinal axis

Answer 26

Runs from head to toe through the centre of mass

Question 27

Transverse axis

Answer 27

Runs from left to right through the centre of mass

Question 28

Frontal axis

Answer 28

Runs from front to back through the centre of mass

Question 29

Angular velocity

Answer 29

The rate of change in angular displacement or the rate of rotation

Question 30

Moment of inertia

Answer 30

The resistance of a body to change it’s state of angular motion or rotation

Question 31

Air resistance

Answer 31

The forces that opposes the direction of a body through air

Question 32

Drag

Answer 32

The forces that opposes the direction of motion of a body through water

Question 33

Projectile motion

Answer 33

The movement of a body through the air following a curved flight path under the force of gravity

Question 34

Projectile

Answer 34

A body launched into the air and subjected to weight and air resistance forces

Question 35

Angle of attack

Answer 35

The most favourable angle of release for a projectile to optimise lift force due to the bernoulli principle

Question 36

The magnus effect

Answer 36

The underlying theory if how an additional magnus force can deviate a spinning projectile away from it’s expected flight path

Question 37

Magnus force

Answer 37

A force created from a pressure gradient on opposing surfaces of a spinning body moving through the air