Biomechanics Unit 4 Part 2 Flashcards
(42 cards)
What forms the wrist joint
distal radius, structures in ulnocarpal space, carpal bones and proximal ends of metacarpals
proximal row of carpals bones
triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid
distal row of carpals
hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium
odd bone out
pisiform - anterior to triquetrum - easily palpated at pinky
What inserts into the pisisform bone
flexor carpi ulnaris (flexes and adducts the wrist)
The wrist is a stable joint
YES due to intricate ligamentous structures
What carpal bones articulate with the radius - what kind of joint
lunate and scaphoid - condyloid joint (oval shaped condyloid - capral- fits into depression - radius)
What articulates with the ulna
triquetrium via triangular shaped inter-articular disc which occupies ulnocarpal space (apex: styloid procress of ulna and base: ulnar notoch of radius)
what movemetns does the wrist do and numbers
flexion (90) and extension (80)
ab (15-20) and adduction (35)
Joints of the hand include….
CMC, IMC, MCP, PIP, DIP
Which is the most freely moving CMC joint and why - type of joint
first - trapezium and thumb - allows us to oppose other figners - saddle join
what type of joint is the MCP joints
condlyoid
type of joint is PIP and DIP
hinge
Which metacarpals are pretty much immobile
second and third
what ROM do 4th and 5th MC produce
10-15 4th and 20-30 5th
MCP joints
flexion:
E:
F: 90
E: depends on laxity of individual
PIP and DIP only allow what movement and which is has a greater ROM
flexion and etension
PIP - more flexion - 100-110
DIP: 90
Thumb ROM flexion (what is it) extension) extension abuduction
F: moving across the palm - 15
E: moving to side of palm -20
Ab: away from hand - 60
What influences wrist movements
it’s position and whether the fingers are extended or not –> changes functional msucle length
Components of the spine
24 unfused vertebrae (7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lubar,, sacrum (5) and coccyx (4)
describe a vertebrae
flat, round body palced anteriorly and centrally - vertebral body. Arch of bone (neural arch) that froms spinal foramen (spinal cord runs thorguh), spinous process projects posteriorly inferiorly and centrally, two transverse processes laterally
Function of transverse processes
anchorage sites for ligaments and muscles which stabilise and move the spine
Articulations of the vertbrae are….
vertebral body - IV disc and two facet joints (upper and lower) on each side
two functions of IV disc
bear and distribute load, restrain excessive motion