Biomolecules Flashcards
(16 cards)
the carbohydrates may be defined as
optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the compounds
which produce such units on hydrolysis
Monosaccharides:
A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolysed further
to give simpler unit of polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone is called a
monosaccharide.
Oligosaccharides:
Carbohydrates that yield two to ten
monosaccharide units, on hydrolysis, are called oligosaccharides
How many monosaccharides are known
20
Pyran
Pyran is a cyclic organic compound with one oxygen atom
and five carbon atoms in the ring.
The cyclic structure of glucose is
more correctly represented by ? structure as given below.
Haworth
Fructose is an important
ketohexose
It is obtained along with glucose
by
the hydrolysis of disaccharide, sucrose.
It is a natural
monosaccharide found in
fruits, honey and vegetables.
In its pure
form it is used as a
sweatener
It
belongs to ?-series and is a ?rotatory compound.
d and laevo
fructose is appropiately written as
d -(-)fructose
The ring, thus formed
is a five membered ring and is named as ? with analogy to the
compound furan
furanose
furan
Furan is a five membered cyclic compound with one
oxygen and four carbon atoms.
glycosidic linkage
The two monosaccharides are joined together by an
oxide linkage formed by the loss of a water molecule. Such a linkage
between two monosaccharide units through oxygen atom is called
glycosidic linkage.
define ketonic group with the reference to bonding.
In disaccharides, if the reducing groups of monosaccharides i.e.,
aldehydic or ketonic groups are bonded, these are non-reducing sugars,
e.g., sucrose.
