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Biomolocules In Life Flashcards

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1
Q

DESPITE THE COMPLEXITY OF LIVING SYSTEMS , CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE IN THE BODY CAN BE EXAMINED

A

BIOCHEMISTRY

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2
Q

LIVING CELLS IS PRIMARILY COMPOSED OF COMPLEX SYSTEM OF DIFFERENT COMPOUNDS AND THESE ARE GROUPED INTO TWO CATEGORIES

A

INORGANIC AND ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

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3
Q

NO ORGANISM CAN LIVE WITHOUT

A

WATER

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4
Q

LIVING ORGANISM CONTAIN BETWEEN _______ WATER

A

45 TO 95 PERCENT

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5
Q

THE MOST ABUNDANT INORGANIC COMPOUND INSIDE THE CELLS PROTOPLASM

A

WATER

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6
Q

FUNCTIONS IN THE LIVING SYSTEM OF WATER

A

WATER IS A BIOLOGICAL SOLVENT
WATER MOLECULES TICK TO EACH OTHER AND SURFACE
WATER HAS HIGH SURFACE TENSION
WATER HAS HIGH HEAT CAPACITY
WATER HAS HIGH HEAT VAPORIZATION
WATER HAS HIGH HEAT OF FUSION
WATER IS A MEDIUM WHERE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROCESS TAKE PLACE
WATER SERVES AS MOISTURIZER OF SURFACES
WATER IS A LUBRICANT
WATER IS A GOOD CUSHION

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7
Q

OTHER INORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE BODY

A

ACIDS , BASE, SALT, BUFFER, ELECTROLYTES

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8
Q

THE MAIN INORGANIC COMPOUND IN THE LIVING BODY

A

WATER

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9
Q

OFTEN CALLED THE BUILDING BLOCK OF LIFE

A

CARBON

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10
Q

IS THE BASIS FORM FORMING THE STRUCTURES OF LIVING THINGS AND CARRIES OUT THE MOST LIFE’S FUNCTIONS

A

CARBON

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11
Q

THE CARBON-CONTAINING MOLECULES ARE

A

ORGANIC COMPOUND

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12
Q

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS SOMETIMES REFERRED TO AS

A

MACROMOLECULES

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13
Q

MACROMOLECULES ARE COMPOSED OF SUBUNITS CALLED

A

MONOMER

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14
Q

MONOMERS LINKED TOGETHER WILL FORM COMPLEX MOLECULES CALLED

A

POLYMERS

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15
Q

MONOMERS FORMED INTO POLYMERS BY MEANS OF THE PROCESS CALLED

A

DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS

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16
Q

POLYMERS DISASSEMBLED BY MEANS OF THE PROCESS

A

HYDROLYSIS REACTION

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17
Q

MONOMERS

A

SIMPLE SUGAR, AMINO ACIDS, FATTY ACIDS , NUCLEOTIDES

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18
Q

POLYMERS

A

CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEINS, LIPIDS, NUCLEIC ACIDS

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19
Q

COMPOSED OF THE ELEMENTS C,H, AND O

A

CARBOHYDRATES

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20
Q

THESE ARE ORGANIC COMPOUND THAT SERVE AS THE MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY IN ALL ORGANISMS

A

CARBOHYDRATES

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21
Q

SERVE AS THE STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF THE LIVING CELL

A

CARBOHYDRATES

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22
Q

CARBOHYDRATES CLASSIFIES INTO

A

MONOSACCHARIDES , DISACCHARIDES , POLYSACCHARIDES

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23
Q

KNOWN AS THE SIMPLE SUGAR

A

MONOSACCHARIDES

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24
Q

IDENTIFIED BASED ON THE NUMBERS OF CARBON ATOMS

A

MONOSACCHARIDES

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25
3 CARBON ATOMS
TRIOSE
26
5 CARBON ATOMS
PENTOSE
27
6 CARBON ATOMS
HEXOSES
28
SOME SIMPLE SUGARS ARE
FRUCTOSE , GLUCOSE , GALACTOSE
29
FRUIT SUGAR , SWEETEST SUGAR IN FRUITS
FRUCTOSE
30
DEXTROSE/BLOOD SUGAR
GLUCOSE AND GALACTOSE
31
MAKES THE BACKBONE OF RNA AND DNA
MONOSACCHARIDES
32
RNA
RIBOSE
33
DNA
DEOXYRIBOSE
34
KNOWN AS THE COMPLEX SUGARS CONSISTS OF TWO MOLECULES OF MONOSACCHARIDES
DISACCHARIDES
35
SOME DISACCHARIDES ARE
SUCROSE , MALTOSE. LACTOSE
36
MILK SUGAR
LACTOSE
37
MALT SUGAR FOUND IN MALTED CEREALS AND GRAIN
MALTOSE
38
COMMON SUGAR TABLE / FOUND IN SUGAR CANE , SUGAR BEETS , CARROTS , AND OTHER SWEET FRUITS
SUCROSE
39
KNOWN AS THE COMPLEX SUGARS CONSIST OF TWO OR MORE MOLECULES OF MONASACCHARIDES
POLYSACCHARIDES
40
CAPABLE OF ACTING AS ENERGY STORAGE OR STRUCTURAL MOLECULES AS PARTS OF THE CELL STRUCTURES
POLYSACCHARIDES
41
COMMON EXAMPLE OF POLYSACCHARIDES
STARCH AND GLYCOGEN CHITIN AND CELLULOSE
42
STORAGE POLYSACCHARIDES
STARCH AMD GLYCOGEN
43
STRUCTURAL POLYSACCHARIDES
CHITIN AND CELLULOSE
44
FOUND IN POTATO , CASSAVA , CORN AND CEREALS
STARCH
45
IS A STORAGE CARBOHYDRATE IN ANIMALS WHICH ACCUMULATES IN THE LIVER AND MUSCLE CELLS
GLYCOGEN
46
IS A STRUCTURAL POLYSACCHARIDE FOUND IN PLANT CELL WALLS WHICH FUNCTION FOR SUPPORTS AND PROTECTION FOR PLANTS
CELLULOSE
47
IS THE STRUCTURAL POLYSACCHARIDE FOUND IN PLANT CELL WALLS WHICH FUNCTION FOR SUPPORTS AND PROTECTION FOR PLANTS
CELLULOSE
48
IS FOUND IN THE OUTER COVERINGS OF CRUSTACEANS AND INSECTS WHICH FUNCTION FOR PROTECTION AND SUPPORT
CHITIN
49
COMPOSED OF THE ELEMENTS C,H,O,N,AND S
PROTEINS
50
THESE ARE THE MOSET ABUNDANT ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN LIVING ORGANISM THAT ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR 15% OF THE BODY DRY WEIGHT
PROTEIN
51
THE BUILDING BLOCK OF PROTEIN
AMINO ACIDS
52
DIFFERENT COMBINATION OF THE ____ AMINO ACIDS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE VARIETY OF PROTEINS IN LIVING ORGANISM
20
53
YOUR BODY IS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING ABOUT _____ AMINO ACIDS TO FORM PROTEIN
12
54
AMINO ACIDS THAT ARE NOT PRESENT IN OUR BODY KNOWN AS THE
ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
55
FOUND OR OBTAINED BY OUR BODY FROM ANIMAL AND PLANT SOURCES
PROTEINS
56
IMPORTANT IN PROVIDING OUR BODY WITH ADEQUATE AMOUNT OF 20 AMINO ACIDS
BALANCED DIET
57
THESE AMINO ACIDS ARE USED BY OUR BODY FOR GROWTH AND MAINTENANCE
PROTEINS
58
SIMPLE MAMMALIAN MAY CONTAIN __________ DIFFERENT KINDS OF PROTEINS
10,000
59
PROTEIN FORM THE PARTS OF CELLS AND TISSUES SUCH AS THE KERATIN AND COLLAGEN
STRUCTURAL PROTEINS
60
ENZYMES CATALYZE OR SPEED UP CHEMICAL REACTIONS WITHOUT BEING CHEMICALLY CHANGED
ENZYMATIC PROTEINS
61
EXAMPLE IS THE HEMOGLOBIN IN RBC
TRANSPORT PROTEINS
62
ANTIBODIES
DEFENSE PROTEINS
63
PRODUCED BY A SPECIFIC TYPE OF WBC CALLED B LYMPHOCYTES IN RESPONSE TO THE PRESENCE OF A FOREIGN SUBSTANCE IN THE BODY CALLED ANITIGEN
ANTIBODIES
64
PRODUCED BY A SPECIFIC TYPE OF WBC
B LYMPHOCYTES
65
FOREIGN SUBSTANCE IN OUR BODY
ANTIGEN
66
HORMONES ARE SIGNAL PROTEINS THAT REGULATE BODY FUNCTIONS
REGULATORY OR SIGNAL PROTEINS
67
FOUND IN THE MUSCLE CELLS TO ALLOW MOVEMENT AND CAUSE MUCLE CONTRACTION
CONTRACTILE PROTEINS
68
COMPOSED OF THE ELEMENTS C,H, AND O
LIPIDS
69
THESE ARE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS SUBSTANCES THAT INCLUDE FATS AND FAT-LIKE SUBSTANCES SUCH AS PHOSPHOLIPID, WAX AND STEROID
LIPIDS
70
FUNCTIONS OF LIPID
PREVENT WATER LOSS FROM SURFACE SKIN MAKES STRUCTURES OF THE CELL MEMBRANE INSULATING MATERIAL TO PREVENT HEAT LOSS AND PROTECTION AGAINST EXTREME COLD SOURCE OF STORAGE ENERGY
71
SOLID AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
SATURATED FATTY ACIDS
72
MOSTLY FOUND IN ANIMALS
SATURATED FATTY ACIDS
73
EXAMPLE MARGARINE AND BUTTER
SATURATED FATTY ACIDS
74
LIQUID AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
75
MOSTLY FOUND IN PLANTS
UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
76
EXAMPLE ARE VEGETABLE OIL AND CORN OIL
UNSATURATED FATTY CELLS
77
ARE IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF CELL MEMBRANES
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
78
LIPIDS WHICH ARE IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF MANY ORGANISM
WAXES
79
FOUND AS A CUTICLE COVERING SURFACE OF LEAVES AND STEM PLANTS AND PROTECTIVE COVERING ON THE SKIN AND FUR OF SOME ANIMALS
WAXES
80
ARE LIPIDS WITH A CARBON SKELETON OF DOUR FUSED RINGS
STEROIDS
81
KNOWN AS THE BLOOD FATS
TRIGLYCERIDES
82
CIRCULATE IN THE BLOODSTREAM ALONG WITH THE CHOLESTEROL
TRIGLYCERIDES
83
FOUND IN THE BRAIN ,LMGS AND NERVE TISSUES
SPHINGOLIPIDS
84
SERVES AS SURFACTANTS THAT HELP REDUCE TENSION ON THE LUNGS
SPHINGOLIPIDS
85
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS THAT FUNCTION FOR THE STORAGE OF GENETIC INFORMATION , WHICH IS TRANSMITTED FROM ONE GENERATION TO THE NEXT I ALL LIVING ORGANISM
NUCLEIC ACIDS
86
IT IS THE PHYSICAL CARRIER OF INHERITANCE THAT IS PASSED FROM PARENTS TO OFFSPRING
NUCLEIC ACIDS
87
FUNCTION FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
88
BUILDING BLOCK IS NUCLEOTIDE
NUCLEIC ACIDS
89
MADE UP. OF FIVE-CARBON SUGAR, PHOSPHATE GROUP AND NITROGEN BASE
NUCLEOTIDE
90
NITROGENOUS BASE
GUANINE ,ADENINE, CYTOSINE , THYMINE AND URACIL
91
NITROGENOUS BASE
NUCLEOTIDE
92
THE STRUCTURE OF DNA IS A DOUBLE STRANDED HELIX MOLECULE WHICH IS FIRST DESCRIBED BY
JAMES WATSON AND FRANCIS CRICK

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