Biomols

Question 1

Starch and glycogen structure

Answer 1

-Helical/branched so compact and lots of ends to release glucose more quickly
-large so can’t leave cell
-insoluble so no osmotic effect
-1-6 glycosidic bonds

Question 2

Cellulose structure

Answer 2

-polymer of beta glucose
-straight unbranched chain to provide strength collectively
-1-4 glycosidic bonds
-chains of cellulose bundle further into macro fibrils
-bundle further into macro fibres

Question 3

Primary protein structure

Answer 3

-Sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chain
- peptide bonds

Question 4

Secondary protein structure

Answer 4

-alpha helix coiling and beta sheet
-pleating of polypeptide chain
-H bonding between peptide bonds of diff amino acids

Question 5

Tertiary protein structure

Answer 5

-overall structure of a polypeptide 3D
-4 bonding
H bonds, disulphide bridges, ionic

Question 6

Quaternary protein structure

Answer 6

-overall 3D shape of a protein
-more than one polypeptide chain

Question 7

Water property

Answer 7

-high specific heat capacity acts as a temp buffer
-high latent heat of vaporisation acts as a coolant
- cohesive creates a continuous water column
-polar solvent dissolves polar solutions to make polar solutions

Question 8

Why ATP is a good energy source

Answer 8

-energy released in one reaction so is fast
-energy release in small amounts so prevents cell damage
-ATP is water-soluble so found in cytoplasm or CSM

Question 9

DNA VS RNA

Answer 9

-double vs single stranded
-in the nucleus vs cytoplasm
-deoxyribose vs ribose
-longer vs shorter
-thymine vs uracil
-synthesised 1 vs many
-both have phosphodiester bonds
-

Question 10

Translation

Answer 10

-mRNA attaches to ribosome
-Codon on mRNA binds to anticodon on tRNA
-tRNA brings specific amino acid
-amino acid joins by condensation reactions with peptide bonding using ATP
-tRNA release and ribosome moves along mRNA to form polypeptide