Biopsychology

Question 1

Role of the nervous system

Answer 1

Body wide system of nerve cells collecting info from world , process info and directs body organs and muscles via transmission of electro chemical messages

Question 2

What are the 2 parts to nervous system

Answer 2

Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 3

What are the 2 parts of CNS

Answer 3

Brain - unconscious and conscious processing
Spinal cord - receive and transmits info, some reflex processing

Question 4

What are the 2 parts of PNS (peripheral nervous system)

Answer 4

Autonomic nervous system - controls actions of internal organs and glands
Involuntary system

Somatic nervous system- controls skeletal muscles
Voluntary system

Question 5

What is The sympathetic role in autonomic nervous system

Answer 5

Sympathetic
Increase bodily activities
Releases noradrenaline
Activates fight or flight
E.g heart rate increase, increase sweat, dilates pupil, digestion inhibited. Increases breathing

Question 6

Parasympathetic role in autonomic nervous system

Answer 6

Decreases bodily activities
Releases acetylcholine
Activates rest and digest
Heart rate decrease, sweat decrease, constricts pupils, stimulates digestion

Question 7

What is homeostasis

Answer 7

Regulation of internal environment

Question 8

How to maintain homeostasis in normal conditions

Answer 8

Balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 9

Role of the endocrine system

Answer 9

Collection of glands around the body regulating bodily functions, growth and psychological factors. Acts by releasing hormones into bloodstream

Question 10

Pituitary glands

Answer 10

Located in brain
‘Master gland’
Controls release from hormones from other glands
Releases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 11

Hypothalamus

Answer 11

Next to brain
Links nervous system to endocrine system in combination with pituitary
Maintains homeostasis of bodily systems
Releases CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone)

Question 12

Pineal glands

Answer 12

Modulates sleep pattern
Releases melatonin
Keeps body to day/night circadian rhythm

Question 13

Thyroid gland

Answer 13

Modulates metabolism
Releases thyroxine
Located in neck

Question 14

Thymus gland

Answer 14

Located in chest
Stimulates development of T cells working in immune system helping with disease resistance
Releases thymosin
Active until puberty

Question 15

Pancreas

Answer 15

Located behind stomach
Regulating blood sugar levels, Problems can result in diabetes
Release insulin and glucagon

Question 16

Adrenal glands

Answer 16

Located top of each kidney stones
Regulates biological effect of fight or flight increasing heart rate, blood supply to muscles and sweating
Releases adrenaline and cortisol

Question 17

Ovaries and testicles

Answer 17

Reproductive glands
Develops secondary sexual characteristics both males and females appearing at puberty
Releases Oestrogen and testosterone

Question 18

Fight or flight

Answer 18

Evolutionary survival mechanism response to threat
Primes body and mind for extreme action, fighting for life or escaping threat
Body returns to homeostasis after threat has passed

Question 19

Acute stress

Answer 19

Common form of stress response to immediate pressure,
Can be exciting in small amounts and give you focus and energy
Exhausting if maintained

Question 20

Chronic stress

Answer 20

Long term form of stress in response to prolonged emotional pressure
Occurs in situations individuals feels unable to control