Biopsychology Flashcards

Question

What is the role of the thyriod gland?

Answer 1

The thyroid gland releases thyroxine which is responsible for regulating metabolism. People who have a fast metabolism typically struggle to put on weight, as metabolism is involved in the chemical process of converting food into energy.

Answer 2

The adrenal corext is a branch of the adrenal gland that procudes coritisol which helps the body wth self regulating

Answer 3

The adrenal medulla is a branch of the adrenal gland that procudes noradelaie and aderline to prepare the body for flight or fight

Answer 4

The role of the testes is to produce testorne which causes the developement of male charateriscts such as growth of facial hair and a deeper voice.

Answer 5

A seqence of activiy within the body that is trigged when the body prepares for flight or fight.

Answer 6

Once a threat is faced the amgylada is altered,which asscoties sensorys with emotions accosisted with the fight or flight response.The amgylada then sends distress signals to the hyptothamlus which communciates with the rest of the body through the sympathic nervous system.The sympathic nervous system starts preparing the body for flight or fight,it sends a signal through the adrenalla medula to the bloodstream and relases adrenliane.Adrenliane then procedures psychial changes in the body e.g increased heartbeat. Parasympathic nervous system then calms down the body once the threat has passed.

Answer 7

H-the hypothmalus realses CRH which is realesed into the bloodstream in response to the stressor in order to keep the Sympathic nervous system working. P-The pituary gland CRH causes the realse of ACTH. A-ACTH stimlues the adrenall cortex to release stress-realted hormones (coritsol)Coritsol causess respones to psychilogical responses to the fight or flight responses.

Answer 8

P-The have been research that shows other reactions to the fight or flight response E-Taylor suggested that females behaviour charaterstics are more tend or bend than fight or flight. E-This means that the flight or fight cant not be used to explain behaviour once faced with a threat. P-Flight or flight response is limited. E-Gray suggestes that their a freeze response.He suggests that prior to respondoing the intial response is to freeze. E-This means that the flight or fight response is limtied in explaining the behaviour of indivuals.

Answer 9

Refers to the principle that certain areas of the briain perform certain parts.

Answer 10

The function of the motor cortex the genartaion of volunatoray motor movement. Located in the frontal lobe

Answer 11

The somatosensory cortext detects sensory events arising from different parts of the body.Located in the parietal lobe

Answer 12

Dronkers et al. (2007) conducted an MRI scan on Tan’s brain, to try to confirm Broca’s findings. Although there was a lesion found in Broca’s area, they also found evidence to suggest other areas may have contributed to the failure in speech production. These results suggest that the Broca’s area may not be the only region responsible for speech production and the deficits found in patients with Broca’s aphasia could be the result of damage to other neighbouring regions. -The claim that functions are localised to certain areas of the brain has been criticised. Lashley proposed the equipotentiality theory, which suggests that the basic motor and sensory functions are localised, but that higher mental functions are not. He claimed that intact areas of the cortex could take over responsibility for specific cognitive functions following brain injury. This therefore casts doubt on theories about the localisation of functions, suggesting that functions are not localised to just one region, as other regions can take over specific functions following brain injury.

Answer 13

Area in the brain linkied to speech production.

Answer 14

An area in the brain linkied to the understanding of speech.

Answer 15

Refers to the brain ability to modify its own structure as a result of experience.

Answer 16

Playing video games -Kuhn did research on the effects of playing video games for 2 months and found that there was a large increase of grey matter in various areas of the brain. The researchers concluded that video games had resulted in new synaptic connections in the brain. Meditation-researchers found while working with Tibetan monks that mediation can change the inner works of the brain.

Answer 17

Refers to the recovery of abilities and mental processes that have been compromised as a result of the brain injury/

Answer 18

``` Neuronal unmasking (Wall) - Neuronal unmasking is the process of unmasking dormant synapses by increasing the rate of input will unmask these synapses so they can make connections to parts of the brain that have been comprised which in time gives way to developement of new structures. Steam cells-unspecialized cells which have the potential to rise to different cell types can carry out different functions including taking on characteristics of nerve cells. ```

Answer 19

Sperry and Gazzaniga studied split-brain patients The stimulus was presented to one hemisphere and participants were asked to respond the stimulus presented to the right hemisphere did not produce a verbal response Concluded that the left hemisphere is responsible for speech

Answer 20

A pattern of behavior that occurs every 24 hours. | Circadian rhythms are sycnorished with the SCN.

Answer 21

Alternating states of sleep and wake that are dependent on the 24-hour circadian cycle. The circadian rhythm dictates when we should be sleeping and when we should be awake.

Answer 22

Rhythms that occur for more than 24 hours, maybe even weekly monthly or annually

Answer 23

cycles that last for less than 24 hours. E.g sleep stages