Biopyscholgy

Question 1

Define the Central Nervous system (CNS)

Answer 1

Consists of the brain and spinal cord. The spinal cord passes messages to and from the brain and connects nerves to the PNS. The CNS processes, interprets and stores information and issues orders to muscles, glands and organs

Question 2

Define the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Answer 2

The PNS sends and receives messages to and from the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system is further sub divided into the autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system.

Question 3

Define the Autonomic nervous system

Answer 3

Governs vital functions in the body such as breathing, heart rate, digestion and stress. The organs controlled by the autonomic nervous system include the heart, lungs, eyes, stomach. It can be divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 4

Define the Somatic nervous system

Answer 4

Consists of nerves carrying sensory signals from eyes, ears, skin to the CNS. It also contains the nerves that carry the messages from the brain to the other areas of the body. It controls muscle movement and receives information from sensory receptors.

Question 5

What are the differences between Autonomic NS and Somatic NS

Answer 5

SNS has sensory and motor pathways whilst ANS has only motor pathways

SNS controls skeletal muscles movement whilst ANS controls internal organs and glands

SNS carries commands from the motor cortex whilst ANS control centres in the brain stem

Question 6

What are the three main types of nerve cells

Answer 6

Motor
Sensory
Relay

Question 7

Define the Motor neuron

Answer 7

Connect the CND to muscles and glands. They carry messages away from the brain. They have short dendrites and long axons. Motor neurons cause movement

Question 8

Define sensory neurons

Answer 8

Carry messages such as sight, sound and sensations from the PNS to the CNS. They have long dendrites and short axons

Question 9

Define the Relay neurons

Answer 9

Connects sensory neuron to the motor neurons, or to other relay neurons and make up 97% of the CNS. They have short dendrites and short axons

Question 10

How would our neurons react when we touch something hot

Answer 10

The sensory neuron detects the heat and sends a signal to a relay neurons in the CNS which in turn sends a signal to the motor neurons to move our hand away.