biosecurity Flashcards
The transmission of infectious agents requires three elements:
a source (or reservoir) of the infectious agent
* Sick animals go to hospitals
* Contaminated surfaces
a susceptible host with a portal of entry receptive to the agent
and a mode of transmission for the agent
stringent bioexclusion
keep agent out
ruthless biocontainment
keep agent in
BSL 1
appropriate for work with well-characterized agents which do not cause disease in healthy animals or people
BSL2
appropriate for work involving agents of moderate potential hazard to animals or humans. This includes various microbes that cause mild disease in animals or people where a treatment and/or vaccine may exist.
average vet hospital
BSL 3
appropriate for work involving microbes which can cause serious and potentially fatal disease in animals or humans for which there is a treatment or vaccine
BSL 4
the highest level of biosafety precautions, and is appropriate for work with agents that cause severe to fatal disease in animals or humans for which there is no treatment or vaccine.
nosicomial infection
Healthcare Associated Infection / Hospital Acquired Infection, HAI
aninfectionthat isacquiredin ahospitalor other health carefacility.
Community Associated / Acquired Infection (CAI)
aninfectioncontracted outside of a health care setting or aninfectionpresent on admission
Zoonoses
an infection that transmits from animal to man or man to animal
factors that influence resistance to disease
Previous exposure to pathogen
* Natural exposure
* Vaccination
Maternal immunity in neonates
Adequate nutrition
Immunosuppression / stress
Genetic selection in animals
factors that influence pathogen exposure
- Sanitation
- Adequate ventilation
- Presence or absence of infected / diseased animals
- Presence or absence of vectors
- Handwashing vs PPE
PPE vs Barrier Protection
- PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) protects YOU
- Barrier Protection protects PATIENTS from other PATIENTS and YOU
