Birth Process

Question 1

Powers

Answer 1

primary – Uterine contractions
Secondary – Maternal pushing efforts, voluntary, bearing down

Question 2

passage

Answer 2

Maternal pelvis and soft tissues
Dilation and effacement

Question 3

passenger

Answer 3

Fetus and membranes and placenta

Question 4

psyche

Answer 4

Maladaptive inability to cope
Adaptive augments natural birth

Question 5

Ferguson reflex

Answer 5

Woman feels urge to bear down
Cervix fully dilated and fetal head is fully engaged
Surge of oxytocin

Question 6

Gynecoid pelvis

Answer 6

most common and favorable
Round, blunt ischial spines

Question 7

Android pelvis

Answer 7

Male pelvis
Shaped like a heart
Difficult vaginal delivery
Risk for a C-section

Question 8

Anthropoid pelvis

Answer 8

oral shaped
occiput posterior position

Question 9

platypelloid pelvis

Answer 9

least common
Wide and flat

Question 10

Fetal lie

Answer 10

Relationship of long axis of body to the long axis of mother

longitudinal/parallel – vertical, breach
Transverse – risk of distress

Question 11

fetal attitude

Answer 11

Fetal body parts in relation to one another

normal-rounded back, chin to chest, arms crossed

Question 12

fetal presentation

Answer 12

Cephalic
Shoulder
Breach

Question 13

fetal head

Answer 13

1 Frontal bone
2 parietal bones
2 temporal bones
1 occipital bone

4 sutures

Question 14

when does the anterior fontanelle close?

Answer 14

18 months

Question 15

when does the posterior fontanelle close?

Answer 15

6 to 8 weeks

Question 16

Fetal station

Answer 16

above ischial spines (-)
Below ischial spines (+)

Question 17

Engagement

Answer 17

When presenting part reaches zero station

Question 18

ballotable

Answer 18

Floating, not engaged

Question 19

fetal position

Answer 19

R/L maternal pelvis
occiput, mentum, sacrum, acromion process
Anterior, posterior, transverse

Question 20

what landmark should be used as a reference for position?

Answer 20

Back of the head

Question 21

premonitory signs of impending labor

Answer 21

Lightening
Braxton Hicks
Cervical changes
Bloody show
ROM
Sudden burst of energy, nesting
Weight loss
G.I. upset

Question 22

what is the main difference between true and false labor?

Answer 22

Dilation/effacement is progressive in true labor

Question 23

first Latent Stage of labor.

Answer 23

longest
cervical dilation 0–3 cm
Contractions every 10–30 minutes , lasting 30 seconds, mild to moderate

nullipara – 8.6 hour
Multi para – 5.3 hour

Question 24

First active stage of labor

Answer 24

dilation 4–7 cm
Contractions every 2–5 minutes, lasting 40–60/ seconds, moderate to strong

Nulli para - 4.6 hour.
Multi para – 2.4 hour.

Question 25

first transition stage of labor

Answer 25

Dilation 8–10 cm Contractions every 1.5–2 minutes, lasting 60–90/ seconds, strong. nullipara– 3 hour Multi para less than one hour Be in room often, try not to push !

Question 26

length of first stage of labor

Answer 26

Begins onset of true labor and ends when cervix is fully dilated

Question 27

Second stage of labor

Answer 27

Pushing stage Begins with complete dilation/effacement and ends with birth of baby nullipara- up to 3 hours Multi para - average 15 minutes

Question 28

Mechanisms of labor

Answer 28

engagement Descent Flexion -Head/chin to chest Internal rotation - occiput transverse to anterior extension- Head/chin delivers External rotation-Head position Expulsion – birth

Question 29

Kangaroo care functions

Answer 29

regulate temperature and HR Bonding skin to skin Increases oxytocin Stimulates breasts

Question 30

third stage of labor

Answer 30

After baby delivered until complete delivery of the placenta Less than 30 minutes optimal Pitocin IV. Bolus once placenta delivered.

Question 31

signs of placental separation

Answer 31

Globular rise in abdomen Gosh of blood Increased protrusion of umbilical cord

Question 32

dirty Duncan

Answer 32

Maternal side of placenta

Question 33

shiny shultz

Answer 33

fetus and fetal membranes side

Question 34

fourth stage of delivery

Answer 34

Delivery of placenta up to four hours after birth thirsty/hungry Shaking 1-2hours – CNS response Bladder – hypotonic Contracted uterus

Question 35

normal amount of blood loss from vaginal delivery

Answer 35

250–500 ML

Question 36

normal blood loss for a C-section

Answer 36

Less than 1000 ML