Bladder tumours Flashcards Preview

MRCS med school > Bladder tumours > Flashcards

Flashcards in Bladder tumours Deck (19)
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1
Q

Risk factors for bladder tumours

A

M

Smoking

Amine exposure (rubber industry)

Previous renal TCC

Schistosomiasis (SCC)

2
Q

Presentation of bladder tumours

A

Painless haematuria

Voiding/storage sx

Recurrent UTIs

Retention/Obstructive renal failure

3
Q

Examination findings for bladder tumours

A

Anaemia

Palpable bladder mass

Palpable liver

4
Q

Types of bladder tumour

A

Transitional cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma - usually only with schistosomiasis

5
Q

Metastasis sites of bladder cancers

A

Bone

Liver

Lung

6
Q

Bladder cancer grading

A

Grade 1: well differentiated

Grade 2: intermediate

Grade 3: poorly differentiated

7
Q

Bladder cancer staging Tis

A

Carcinoma in situ

Not felt at EUA

8
Q

Bladder cancer staging Ta

A

Confined to epithelium

Not felt at EUA

9
Q

Bladder cancer staging T1

A

Tumour in lamina propria

Not felt at EUA

10
Q

Bladder cancer staging T2

A

Superficial muscle involved

Rubbery thickness

11
Q

Bladder cancer staging T3

A

Deep muscle involved

Mobile mass

12
Q

Bladder cancer staging T4

A

Invasion of prostate, uterus or vag

Fixed mass

13
Q

Ix for bladder cancers

A

Urine dip - sterile pyuria

Urine cytology

IVU filling defects

Cystoscopy with biopsy

Bimanual EUA

CT/MRI

14
Q

EUA

A

Examination under anaesthesia

15
Q

Mx of Tis, Ta and T1 bladder cancers

A

Transurethral diathermy

TURBT

16
Q

TURBT

A

Transurethral resection of bladder tumour

17
Q

Mx of T2 and T3 bladder cancers

A

Radical cystectomy with ileal conduit

Adjuvant chemo - eg. M-VAC

18
Q

Mx of T4 bladder cancers

A

Palliative chemo / radiotherapy

Long term catheterisation

19
Q

Complications of bladder cancers

A

Massive bladder haemorrhage

Cystectomy can cause sexual and urinary malfunction