Blaze Imperialism Test

Question 1

imperialism

Answer 1

domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

Question 2

protectorate

Answer 2

country with their own government but under the control of an outside power

Question 3

spheres of influence

Answer 3

are in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges

Question 4

direct rule

Answer 4

system of gov in which a province is controlled by a central gov. Delegate from motherland ruling foreign country

Question 5

indirect rule

Answer 5

system of gov of one nation by another in which the governed people retain certain administrative, legal, and other powers. local ruling for the mother country

Question 6

Dr. David livingstone

Answer 6

british doctor and (christian) missionary who traveled to africa and wrote about the people with more sympathy. He walked around Africa like 30 times.

Question 7

king leopold II

Answer 7

king of belgium from 1865-1909; founded and exploited the congo state (literally satan) (chopped of hands, mass rapes/homicide)

Question 8

berlin conference

Answer 8

european powers met in 1884 (no Africans were invited) how to divide Africa: | free trade still remained over the Niger and congo rivers | set up gov office and exerted power of locals | France had the most African land

Question 9

Aftermath of the berlin conference

Answer 9

Europe got control over almost all of Africa / established new borders / had the map redrawn without regard towards tradition and ethnic boundaries

Question 10

Boer war

Answer 10

wars between self-governing Boer republics (south africans, descendants of Dutch) and Britain over the gold found there. British win –> racial segregation lasted until 1993 (Apartheid)

Question 11

Menelik II

Answer 11

emperor of Ethiopia and the Negus of Shewa from 1889-1913- westernized and thwarts Italy

Question 12

Pasha

Answer 12

province ruler in the Ottoman empire/muslim world

Question 13

Armenian genocide

Answer 13

started from nationalism tensions; muslim turks accused Christian Armenians of supporting Russian plants against the Ottoman empire, repressive policies were placed on the Armenians; Armenians fought back but were killed by the sultan

Question 14

Effects of the Armenian Genocide

Answer 14

million Armenians –> 800,000 Armenians, about 1.6 million Armenians were killed

Question 15

young turks

Answer 15

liberals; led the Young Turk movement insisting reform to save the Ottoman empire in the 1890s. The Sultan was overthrown by the movement in 1908 and war erupted in 1914 (angry h8rz- wanted Armenian Genocide)

Question 16

muhammad Ali

Answer 16

religious leader and Sufi teacher; claimed Mahdi by disciples in 1881; led fight against British expansion. Westernized Egypt. When he died, everyone gets oofed.

Question 17

mahdi

Answer 17

Muslim savior of the faith

Question 18

suez canal

Answer 18

waterway connecting the mediterranean sea with the red sea, reduced travel time between Europe and Asia. Initially Egyptian –> French. Lots o’ money

Question 19

qajars

Answer 19

shahs that ruled persia (modern day Iran- which had oil) (Britain and Russia wanted that OIL)

Question 20

british east india company

Answer 20

Company based out of England that was ruling over India (indirect rule-ish) Form their own army, print their own money, etc. (BEIC)

Question 21

sati

Answer 21

a former practice in India where a widow threw herself into her husband’s funeral pyre- only for upper class women. (one good thing out of british east india company- they banned it)

Question 22

sepoy

Answer 22

An Indian soldier serving under British command.

Question 23

sepoy mutiny (rebellion)

Answer 23

They forced sepoys to go overseas- violated religious rules. If sepoys were to shoot a bullet they’d have to grease it with animal fat, but cows/pork were sacred (cows-hindu, pork-muslims). Rose up and fought back against BEIC- big fail

Question 24

Effects of sepoy rebellion

Answer 24

England takes out BEIC and puts in the country to rule

Question 25

viceroy

Answer 25

a ruler exercising authority in a colony on behalf of a sovereign (foreign born- direct rule)

Question 26

ram mohun roy

Answer 26

Father of indian nationalism. Realized that India done screwed up and super behind. Also realized westernization vs indian culture, and balanced the two. Suggested no purdah. Founded Indian national congress

Question 27

purdah

Answer 27

isolation of women, not allowed out of the house

Question 28

indian national congress

Answer 28

Congress of Indians that fought for the rights of indians whilst under English control. Rep all of India

Question 29

muslim league

Answer 29

Formed out of the indian national congress, felt that the congress was too hindu-centric.

Question 30

trade surplus

Answer 30

exporting more than you're importing (good!)

Question 31

trade deficit

Answer 31

importing more than you're exporting (BAD!)

Question 32

opium war

Answer 32

the war caused by Britain selling Opium to China, and when China tried to stand up for themselves they got demolished since Britain ahd advanced military tech

Question 33

indemnity

Answer 33

payment for losses in war

Question 34

extraterritoriality

Answer 34

the right to live under your motherland's laws and be tried in your own courts

Question 35

taiping rebellion

Answer 35

hong xiuquan led peasants to rebel because they didn't like the oppressive gov (lasted 14 years boiii). It failed- but not by much, but the Qing had to share power with regional commanders

Question 36

express Ci Xi

Answer 36

conservative ruler who stayed true to Confucian traditions- tried to fix china

Question 37

sino japanese war

Answer 37

the war between japan and china where japan won and got korea and taiwan. Japanese were obviously more western

Question 38

open door policy

Answer 38

it called for China to keep their trade open to everyone on an equal basis. Everyone else agreed except China

Question 39

boxer uprising

Answer 39

when peasants (AKA boxers) formed a secret society (righteous harmonious fists) to eradicate foreigners from China by killing them; defeated by japan and western powers

Question 40

commodore matthew perry

Answer 40

an american that demanded Japan open its ports to trade

Question 41

treaty of kanagawa

Answer 41

The treaty that the Japanese signed saying that Japan accepted demands to help shipwrecked sailors. This trade also opened two ports to American trade.

Question 42

most favored nation

Answer 42

BFF in trade

Question 43

meiji restoration

Answer 43

When a young emperor began is reign where a lot of reforms were put in place in order to industrialize

Question 44

diet

Answer 44

legislature that was made up of one elected house and one house appointed by the emperor (modelled off germans)

Question 45

zaibatsu

Answer 45

powerful banking and industrial families. Super influential in the diet

Question 46

homogenous society

Answer 46

community of people who share a common culture and language

Question 47

russo japanese war

Answer 47

war between Japan and Russia where Japan kicked Russia's butt. They took control of Korea and parts of Manchuria

Question 48

treaty of portsmouth

Answer 48

treaty that was signed in 1905 to end the russo-japanese war and japan received control of Korea. Korea doesn't like it

Question 49

french indochina

Answer 49

Three nations- Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia. VLC

Question 50

king monkut

Answer 50

Leader of Siam; rule from 1851-1868. Recognized that they needed change, selectively westernize, didn't get taken over. Son screws it up

Question 51

queen liliuokalani

Answer 51

the Hawaiian queen who was forced out of power by a revolution started by American business interests (Dole pineapple & sugar planters)

Question 52

spanish american war

Answer 52

In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence (also involved the Philippines). America got Cuba and Philippines

Question 53

emilio aguinaldo

Answer 53

Filipino who was lead both the Philippine revolution against Spain and then the United States. Lost

Question 54

maoris

Answer 54

Natives of New Zealand

Question 55

regionalism

Answer 55

loyalty to a local area. Proud of your region (like nationalism)

Question 56

caudilos

Answer 56

powerful local strongmen that were sometimes former military leaders. (military dictators)

Question 57

economic dependence

Answer 57

when economies/economic agents depend on each other. Only trade with mother country

Question 58

caudillo

Answer 58

military dictator in Latin America

Question 59

benito juarez

Answer 59

liberal that started La Reforma. He revised the constitution in Mexico to take power away from the military and church. He was eventually elected president.

Question 60

porfirio diaz

Answer 60

After Benito- dictator and undos everything Juarez put in place. First a hero in war against french, and used military to gain power. Strengthened army, local police, central gov, and made economic advances. Any opposition was yeeted. (bad guy)

Question 61

monroe doctrine

Answer 61

doctrine issued by President James Monroe that stated that American continents are henceforth not be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers. (considered an act of war)

Question 62

roosevelt corollary

Answer 62

(Ted) Roosevelt's extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has international police power in the Western Hemisphere.

Question 63

causes of imperialism

Answer 63

economic / exploratory / political / racism / industrialization /bring jesus

Question 64

why was western imperialism so successful

Answer 64

older, nonwestern, civilizations were weakening | europeans had strong economies, well organized gov and powerful armies and navies | money, and were just more powerful in general

Question 65

examine the resistance to imperialism. Was it successful, why or why not?

Answer 65

For the most part it wasn't, since once the imperialized nations realized what was happening it was too late to fight back. Plus, most of them tried to reform, but were either unsuccessful or successful but were met with problems afterwards. Japan was the exception, since they were easily able to industrialize to keep up with the Europeans.

Question 66

what were the sources of stress in the muslim world

Answer 66

central gov lost control over powerful groups | corruption was widespread | religious tension | some muslims scholars and religious leaders allied with state | some scholars and leaders helped stir discontent against gov

Question 67

what problems did the ottoman empire face

Answer 67

increasing European pressure from Britain, Russia, and France | Nationalism ideas which weakened the gov and lead to the Armenian genocide

Question 68

how did egypt modernize

Answer 68

Muhammad Ali introduced the ideas of ending the power of the oligarchy and taking farms from the landowning class. He reduced the power of religious leaders, and improved tax collection. He also improved the military with the help of some Western experts and put Egypt into world trade. Also there was the Suez Canal.

Question 69

why were european powers interested in Iran and Egypt

Answer 69

They had a lot of natural resources, like oil and their geographical location made the places ideal. For Egypt it was the Suez Canal and for Iran it was the oil.

Question 70

Causes and effects of the sepoy rebellion

Answer 70

They were treated like trash. Religion was disrespected. Biting the bullet.Parliament ended the rule of the BEIC in India and replaced it with more direct rule. There were also more taxes, and reforms were slowed.

Question 71

examine the british indian relationship

Answer 71

Britain mostly exploited India for their resources, like cotton. They were also constantly trying to keep India under their thumb so they wouldn't rebel or be taken over by other countries like Russia. They didn't care about the wellbeing of the people, they only wanted money from trade.

Question 72

What trade rights did westerners seek in China? What internal problems did Chinese reformers try to solve? How did the Qing dynasty come to an end?

Answer 72

They wanted extraterritoriality, plus an open door policy. In general, they wanted to have a trade advantage and money so they forced China into treaties that made them pay Britain money. China's reformers wanted to improve their westernization in order to keep up with everyone else. The Qing dynasty ended when Ci Xi died and a two year old inherited the throne. This made China chaotic and uprisings quickly took over in order to form a republic.

Question 73

How and why did Japan differ from the rest of the imperialized nations

Answer 73

Japan, unlike other nations, actually tried to step up their game. They were eventually able to westernize and beat both Russia and China in seperate wars. They quickly and successfully westernized and made the diet, improved their military, and industrialized.

Question 74

what impact did European colonization have on southeast asia

Answer 74

European colonization led to modern technology and expanded commerce/industry being introduced. These countries were modernized, but not at the benefit of the locals.

Question 75

how did canada, New Zealand, and Australia achieve self rule

Answer 75

There were a lot of white people in all of these countries and Britain felt like white people could rule themselves, unlike India and African countries. Specifically in australia, England worried about other imperialist nations taking parts of Australia, so they helped the separate colonies unite.

Question 76

what political and economic problems faced new latin american nations

Answer 76

Latin American nations were still stuck in the cycle of economic dependence with America heavily investing in Latin America.

Question 77

how did mexico struggle with stability? How did the US influence Latin America?

Answer 77

Mexico had trouble with their economy, they were still stuck in economic dependence with industrialized nations. They got a lot of foreign goods, but that only made the upper class rich and that money didn't trickle down. The United States invested in Latin America, giving them technology for them to give back natural resources.