Bleeding Flashcards
Inferior Vena Cava
Carries oxygen poor blood to right atrium from body.
Superior Vena Cava
Carriers oxygen poor blood from head to right atrium.
Pulmonary Arteries
Carry oxygen poor blood from right ventricle to lungs.
Pulmonary Veins
Carry oxygen rich blood to left atrium from lungs.
Ascending Aorta
Carries Oxygen rich blood to head from left ventricle.
Descending Aorta.
Carries Oxygen rich blood from left ventricle to body.
Ateries/arterioles
Arteries carry blood away from heart.
Arterioles connect arteries to capillaries.
Veins/venules
Veins carry blood to heart.
Venules connect veins to capillaries.
Capillaries
Blood vessels where nutrients and waste are exchanged. Connect arterioles and venules.
Blood Components
Plasma: water, electrolytes, hormones
Cells: erythrocyte, leukocytes, platelets
Erythrocyte
Red Blood Cell
Carries hemoglobin that binds to oxygen.
Leukocyte
White blood cell
Fights infection and removes toxins.
Priority of Blood Supply
1.Heart
2.Brain
3. Lungs
4. Kidneys
5. Skeletal muscle
Hemorrhage
Bleeding
Characteristics of Bleeding
Capillaries: oozing blood, easily controlled
Venous: dark red, no spurting
Arterial: bright red and spurting
Significant Bleeding
Body does not tolerate greater than 20% volume loss.
After 1 L:
HR up, BP down, RR up
Can donate 500 mL over 20 min but quickly leads to shock.
Pediatric:
Infants can have significant effects after 100-200 mL
4 Classes of Hemorrhage
1) Under 15%
2) 15-30%
3) 30-40%
4) Over 40%
Vasoconstriction
Blood vessels that are injured on surround constrict because of autonomic nervous system to prevent further blood loss.
Coagulation
Platelets and clotting factors form clot to prevent bleeding. (stops within 10 mins)
Hemophilia
Person lacks clotting factors.
